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International Conference on Wireless Communication, Vehicular Technology, Information Theory and Aerospace & Electronic Systems Technology

Secrecy capacity of the Noise-Loop secure modulation

Lorenzo Mucchi, Luca Simone Ronga, E. Del Re, Luigi Chisci

Published May 1, 2014• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The issues of privacy and security in wireless communication networks have taken on an increasingly important role as these networks continue to be deployed worldwide. Traditionally, security is viewed as an independent feature addressed above the physical layer and all widely used cryptographic protocols are designed and implemented assuming that the physical layer simply provides an error-free link. However, with the emergence of ad-hoc and decentralized networks, higher-layer techniques, such as encryption, are becoming complex and hard to be implemented, in particular in handy devices. Recently attention was moved to study the fundamental ability of the physical layer to provide secure wireless communications. In this contribution, we analyze, from an information-theoretic perspective, the performance of the Noise-Loop (NL) modulation, a physical-layer security technique previously presented in [1]. The capacity as well as the secrecy capacity of the NL modulation are derived and compared to a generic Gaussian channel. The results show that the proposed NL technique is able to produce a full-secrecy rate radio communication link.

DOI
10.1109/vitae.2014.6934428

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The issues of privacy and security in wireless communication networks have taken on an increasingly important role as these networks continue to be deployed worldwide. Traditionally, security is viewed as an independent feature addressed above the physical layer and all widely used cryptographic protocols are designed and implemented assuming that the physical layer simply provides an error-free link. However, with the emergence of ad-hoc and decentralized networks, higher-layer techniques, such as encryption, are becoming complex and hard to be implemented, in particular in handy devices. Recently attention was moved to study the fundamental ability of the physical layer to provide secure wireless communications. In this contribution, we analyze, from an information-theoretic perspective, the performance of the Noise-Loop (NL) modulation, a physical-layer security technique previously presented in [1]. The capacity as well as the secrecy capacity of the NL modulation are derived and compared to a generic Gaussian channel. The results show that the proposed NL technique is able to produce a full-secrecy rate radio communication link.
As wireless networking has a wide range of applications, its security is an issue of concern. Encryption is traditionally the main route to secure communications. Nevertheless, this security solution may be difficult to implement in some modern wireless networks, e.g., ad hoc and radio-frequency identification (RFID) networks which require large-scale organization and low computational complexity, respectively. An alternative approach is physical-layer security, which leverages the physical properties of radio channels to achieve reliable data transmission without the need of secret keys. Since this kind of security emerged from the information theoretical characterization of secrecy, there has been great interest in secrecy capacity of various wireless channels. This paper provides an overview of such capacity for a single user.
Security in wireless networks has traditionally been considered to be an issue to be addressed separately from the physical radio transmission aspects of wireless systems. However, with the emergence of new networking architectures that are not amenable to traditional methods of secure communication such as data encryption, there has been an increase in interest in the potential of the physical properties of the radio channel itself to provide communications security. Information theory provides a natural framework for the study of this issue, and there has been considerable recent research devoted to using this framework to develop a greater understanding of the fundamental ability of the so-called physical layer to provide security in wireless networks. Moreover, this approach is also suggestive in many cases of coding techniques that can approach fundamental limits in practice and of techniques for other security tasks such as authentication. This paper provides an overview of these developments.
The issues of privacy and security in wireless communication networks have taken on an increasingly important role as these networks continue to flourish worldwide. Traditionally, security is viewed as an independent feature addressed above the physical-layer and all widely used cryptographic protocols are designed and implemented assuming the physical-layer has already been established and provides an error free link. However, with the emergence of ad-hoc and decentralized networks, higher-layer techniques, such as encryption, are complex and hard to be implemented. Therefore, there has been a recent attention on studying the fundamental ability of the physical-layer to provide secure wireless communications. In this contribution, we discuss the challenges ahead in implementing wireless physical-layer security.
Recent years have been marked by an enormous growth of wireless communication networks and an extensive use of wireless applications. In return, this phenomenal expansion is inducing more concerns about the privacy and the security of the users. For many years, the security challenge has been mainly addressed at the application layer using cryptographic techniques. However, with the emergence of ad-hoc and decentralised networks and the deployment of 5G and beyond wireless communication systems, the need for less complex securing techniques had become a necessity. It is mainly for this reason that wireless physical layer security has gained much attention from the research community. What distinguishes information-theoretic security compared to other high-layer cryptographic techniques is that it exploits the randomness and the fluctuations of the wireless channel to achieve security at a remarkably reduced computational complexity. However, these technical virtues rely heavily on perhaps idealistic channel state information assumptions. In this chapter, we look at the physical layer security paradigm from the channel uncertainty perspective. In particular, we discuss the ergodic secrecy capacity of wiretap channels when the transmitter is hampered by the imperfect knowledge of the channel state information (CSI).
Physical layer security is an emerging technique to improve the wireless communication security, which is widely regarded as a complement to cryptographic technologies. To design physical layer security techniques under practical scenarios, the uncertainty and imperfections in the channel knowledge need to be taken into consideration. This paper provides a survey of recent research and development in physical layer security considering the imperfect channel state information (CSI) at communication nodes. We first present an overview of the main information-theoretic measures of the secrecy performance with imperfect CSI. Then, we describe several signal processing enhancements in secure transmission designs, such as secure on-off transmission, beamforming with artificial noise, and secure communication assisted by relay nodes or in cognitive radio systems. The recent studies of physical layer security in large-scale decentralized wireless networks are also summarized. Finally, the open problems for the on-going and future research are discussed.
Physical layer security has emerged in the last years as a field of interest for the development of new methods and techniques to achieve higher security in wireless networks. Many solutions have been proposed and a lot of metrics have been used for sizing the system’s confidentiality, such as the secrecy capacity and secrecy rate. This paper aims to contribute to physical layer security development through the analysis of a theoretical model, already existing and selected by a previous analysis of several works, in order to dimension how the secrecy capacity and secrecy rate can be affected by the availability and accuracy of the channel state information, determined through channel estimation techniques.