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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Transient Population Inversion Induced and Probed by a Signal Pulse in a Continuous-Wave-Pumped Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

K. Kuroda, Yuzo Yoshikuni

Published Nov 8, 2012• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on the transient population inversion in a continuous-wave (CW)-pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifier. The temporal profile of the population inversion of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is probed by a signal pulse that induces a decrease in the population inversion. The pump and signal power dependences of the profile are measured. We analyze the dependences by applying an analytical formula describing the temporal evolution of the population inversion at the input end of the fiber.

DOI
10.1143/jjap.51.120201

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B•May 29, 2008•4 citations
We report on the transient population inversion in a continuous-wave (CW)-pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifier. The temporal profile of the population inversion of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is probed by a signal pulse that induces a decrease in the population inversion. The pump and signal power dependences of the profile are measured. We analyze the dependences by applying an analytical formula describing the temporal evolution of the population inversion at the input end of the fiber.
A theoretical model that allows numerical simulations of optical bistability phenomena in CW-pumped erbium-doped fiber lasers is presented. Results of the simulations match correctly with previous experimental data. In order to simulate this phenomenon, the population inversion and optical powers longitudinal distributions along the active fiber have been considered. If this fiber is long enough, it has been found that the transition between the non-lasing and the lasing states involves a dramatic redistribution of the population inversion along the active medium. This fact makes that non-lasing and lasing states constitute different enough initial conditions which determine different final responses to the same control parameter, that is to say, bistability. On the other hand, a theoretical justification is found for a previous experimental result which pointed out that the bistability range becomes reduced if an external signal is launched to the cavity. Finally, the bistability range width dependence on the active fiber length is analyzed.
We present an analytical solution for the coupled rate and propagation equations for a dynamic two-level homogeneously broadened system interacting with radiation and with constant population inversion along the longitudinal axis of the fiber, z. We derive an analytical solution for the z dependence of these equations, which greatly simplifies the numerical solution for the output powers’ time dependence. Amplified spontaneous emission and background loss influences are considered in the model, in contrast to the previous analytical solution presented by Y. Sun et al. The solution is derived, and the importance of each term for the dynamic modeling of typical erbium-doped fiber amplifiers is analyzed.
Abstract Dynamic population gratings formed by two‐wave mixing in an erbium‐doped fiber amplifier are reported. One of the counter‐propagating fields is intensity‐modulated to distinguish reflection from the grating from amplified transmission fields. The modulation‐frequency dependence of the reflection is studied under single‐wavelength and two‐wavelength input conditions to separate reflection from transient gain. The results are analyzed by measuring the gain saturation and recovery times using self‐probe and pump–probe techniques.
Some analysis of the transient response of the Yb-doped fiber amplifier are performed by solving a set of time-dependent rate and power transfer equations based on finite-difference method. Meanwhile, the variation of time to reach the steady state for upper level population distribution, the forward and backward amplified spontaneous emissions (ASEs) and stored energy on the system parameters including pump power, fiber length, Yb-doped concentration, and core area are numerically simulated, respectively. The results show that, by optimizing pump pulse width, stored energy can reach or even exceed the steady state value of continuous wave (CW) pump. By increasing Yb-doped concentration and core area, stored energy is increased, the ASE is suppressed and the ASE built-up time is postponed. In addition, the experimental results show the validity of the theoretical ASE built-up time. The obtained results can provide important guiding for the optimization of pump pulse width and fiber parameters.
A perturbation method is used to study the interactions among the signal power, pump power, and metastable population density for fast light in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier. The impact of temporal pump depletion (TPD) on fast light is investigated in which TPD is the response of the pump power to the temporal variation of the metastable population density. It is found that the gain coefficient and the absolute value of the negative group velocity are overestimated without considering the TPD. The effects of high-order dispersions on fast light are also shown.