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Physical Review A

Amplitude-noise reduction in lasers with intracavity nonlinear elements

Daniel F. Walls, Matthew J. Collett, Alistair S. Lane

Published Oct 1, 1990• 35 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider lasers with intracavity nonlinear elements, e.g., two-photon absorption, second-harmonic generation, as a possible means to reduce the amplitude fluctuations in a laser. While amplitude squeezing up to 37% may be obtained for the internal field, only a modest amount of noise reduction (10% for two-photon absorption, effectively zero for second-harmonic generation) is found in the output field at the laser frequency. In the second-harmonic field an amplitude-noise reduction of 50% below the shot-noise level may be achieved.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.42.4366

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The authors consider a laser with intracavity second-harmonic generation and injected signal at either the second-harmonic or the fundamental frequency. With a strong injected signal at the second-harmonic frequency, near-perfect phase squeezing at non-zero classical intensity is found. A weak injected signal at the second harmonic gives 50% intensity squeezing in the output at the second harmonic, at an adjustable frequency. A moderate injected signal at the fundamental gives 50% intensity squeezing at the second harmonic for a relatively small nonlinearity.
It has been shown by Imamoglu, Field and Harris1 that electromagnetically induced transparency can be used to achieve laser action without inversion. We have analyzed the quantum noise properties of the laser without inversion and shown that the intensity fluctuations in the laser output may be reduced 50% below the shot noise limit2. In recent work Makuta, Marmet and Stoicheff3 have shown that a resonantly enhanced second order susceptibility with reduced absorption at the second reduced harmonic wavelength may be achieved by electromagnetically induced transparency induced with a dc-electric field. We have calculated the photon statistics of the second harmonic light and found that near 100% amplitude squeezing can be achieved in the output at the second harmonic. We have shown that driven A model atoms in an optical cavity can reduce the amplitude fluctuation of a strong coherent input light field into the cavity by almost 100% without significantly depleting the input signal.
The authors consider the problem of second harmonic generation in an optical cavity which contains both the laser and the nonlinear crystal. They calculate the spectrum of the amplitude fluctuations in the output field, for the mode which is generated by the laser. They focus on the case that the damping constant of this mode is much larger than all the other relaxation rates of the system, and show that in this limit the spectrum is correctly described by the universal normal form for two-photon processes. Finally, they show in general that in the framework of linearised theories the spectrum of the intensity fluctuations in the output field reduces exactly to the spectrum of squeezing of the amplitude quadrature component.