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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

A Photorefractive Setup for Parallel Not-OR and Not-AND Operations with Mutually Incoherent Light

Nai‐Jen Cheng, Hsiao-Yi Lee, Hon-Fai Yau, Hong-Chang Kung

Published Aug 1, 1999• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have demonstrated experimentally that optical Not-OR (NOR) and Not-AND (NAND) operations can be done with a single setup. The setup is capable of processing parallel inputs. Two barium titanate (BaTiO3) crystals are used in the setup and photorefractive effects are employed. Instead of using the interference between the two input signals to be processed or the so called local incoherent erasing, the setup works on the phenomenon of self-pumped phase conjugation and the suppression of it by the input signals in ordinarily polarized state. In this way, the two input channels can be mutually incoherent.

DOI
10.1143/jjap.38.4784

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We have demonstrated experimentally that optical Not-OR (NOR) and Not-AND (NAND) operations can be done with a single setup. The setup is capable of processing parallel inputs. Two barium titanate (BaTiO3) crystals are used in the setup and photorefractive effects are employed. Instead of using the interference between the two input signals to be processed or the so called local incoherent erasing, the setup works on the phenomenon of self-pumped phase conjugation and the suppression of it by the input signals in ordinarily polarized state. In this way, the two input channels can be mutually incoherent.
A simple setup that is capable of performing the function of an optical XOR logic gate is proposed. The setup consists of two BaTiO3 self-pumped phase conjugators as its principal elements. The mechanism of the gate is based on the phenomenon of self-pumped phase conjugation and the suppression of it by ordinarily polarized beams. In this way, the two input channels of the system are not required to be mutually coherent. In addition to its use as an XOR gate, the setup can be used as an image subtractor. And, as in the case in which it is used as a logic gate, the two input images do not need to be mutually coherent.
A photorefractive system based on the combined operation of a strontium barium niobate input amplifier and a self-pumped barium titanate phase-conjugator crystal is presented and analyzed. Amplified real-time phase-conjugate wave-front generation in this system is demonstrated. The system's ability to all-optically, temporally modulate a weak probe signal and to transmit it back to its source by means of amplified dynamic phase conjugation demonstrates its potential in adaptive optical transmission schemes.
Optical bistability and hysteresis in BaTiO3 have been observed in a self-pumped ring resonator (SPRR). The SPRR can be controlled with an additional He–Ne laser erasing beam that makes an angle with the ring pump beam. The erasing beam could be coherent or incoherent with the pump beam. By injecting the erasing beam into the crystal in such a way as to partially erase the index grating and/or take energy from the pump beam, the coupling strength is modified. In either case, the output of the ring shows bistability and hystersis in the complete cycle of the on-off-on operation by monitoring the intensity of the erasing beam. The intensity change and the time interval between each change step of the erasing beam have effects on the hysteresis behavior. The hysteresis observed when it is controlled by a coherent erasing beam is more than the one by an incoherent erasing beam. Some fluctuations exist in the hysteresis loop when the coherent erasing beam is used.