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Optical Engineering

Incoherent optical XOR logic gate and image subractor with series self-pumped phase conjugators

Hsiao-Yi Lee, Hon-Fai Yau, Nai-Jen Cheng

Published Jul 1, 1998• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A simple setup that is capable of performing the function of an optical XOR logic gate is proposed. The setup consists of two BaTiO3 self-pumped phase conjugators as its principal elements. The mechanism of the gate is based on the phenomenon of self-pumped phase conjugation and the suppression of it by ordinarily polarized beams. In this way, the two input channels of the system are not required to be mutually coherent. In addition to its use as an XOR gate, the setup can be used as an image subtractor. And, as in the case in which it is used as a logic gate, the two input images do not need to be mutually coherent.

DOI
10.1117/1.601902

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A simple setup that is capable of performing the function of an optical XOR logic gate is proposed. The setup consists of two BaTiO3 self-pumped phase conjugators as its principal elements. The mechanism of the gate is based on the phenomenon of self-pumped phase conjugation and the suppression of it by ordinarily polarized beams. In this way, the two input channels of the system are not required to be mutually coherent. In addition to its use as an XOR gate, the setup can be used as an image subtractor. And, as in the case in which it is used as a logic gate, the two input images do not need to be mutually coherent.
We have demonstrated experimentally that optical Not-OR (NOR) and Not-AND (NAND) operations can be done with a single setup. The setup is capable of processing parallel inputs. Two barium titanate (BaTiO3) crystals are used in the setup and photorefractive effects are employed. Instead of using the interference between the two input signals to be processed or the so called local incoherent erasing, the setup works on the phenomenon of self-pumped phase conjugation and the suppression of it by the input signals in ordinarily polarized state. In this way, the two input channels can be mutually incoherent.
When two mutually incoherent light beams are used as simultaneous inputs to a crystal of BaTiO(3), a spontaneously generated loop of light is created that provides a coupling mechanism between the two input beams, resulting in two phase-conjugate outputs. This behavior is discussed, and the phase-conjugate reflectivities are presented as a function of the ratio of input-beam intensities. A simple theory is developed to describe this phenomenon, and the predictions are compared with experimental data.
We present how basic logic gates including nand, nor, and xor gates can be implemented counterfactually. The two inputs (Bob and Charlie) and the output (Alice) of the proposed counterfactual logic gate are not within the same station but rather separated in three different locations. We show that there is no need to prearrange entanglement for the gate, and, more importantly, there are no real physical particles traveling among Alice, Bob, and Charlie during the information processing. Bob and Charlie only need to independently control the blocking and unblocking of the transmission channels that connect them to Alice. In this way, they can completely determine the state of a real photon at Alice's end, thereby leading to implemention of a counterfactual logic gate. The functionality of a particular counterfactual logic gate is determined only by an appropriate design of Alice's optical device. Furthermore, by utilizing the proposed counterfactual logic gates, we demonstrate how to counterfactually prepare the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state and W state with three remote quantum objects, which are in superposition states of blocking and unblocking the transmission channel.
The design for an all optical XOR gate is proposed. The basic idea is to split the input beams and let them cancel or strengthen each other selectively or flip the encoded information based on their polarization properties. The information is encoded in terms of polarization of the beam. Polarization of a light beam is well understood hence the design should be feasible to implement. The truth table of the optical circuit is worked out and compared with the expected truth table. Then it is demonstrated that the design complies with the linear behavior of the XOR function. In the next section, based on a similar idea, the design of an all optical CNOT gate is proposed. The truth table for the gate is verified. Then, it is discussed how this approach can be used for Linear Optics Quantum Computation (LOQC). It is shown that with a Hadamard gate and a rotation gate, the CNOT gate makes up a universal set of quantum gates based on linear optics. This novel approach requires no additional power supply, extra input beam or ancilla photon to operate. It also doesn't require the expensive and complex single photon source and detector. Only narrowband laser sources are required to operate these gates.