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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Efficient two-dimensional atom localization via spontaneously generated coherence and incoherent pump

Tao Shui, Zhiping Wang, Benli Yu

Published Jan 7, 2015• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a simple scheme of two-dimensional (2D) atom localization controlled by spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) and incoherent pump in a closed Λ-type three-level atomic system. Due to the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the conditional position probability distribution of the atom passing through the standing waves can be directly determined by measuring the phase-sensitive probe absorption-gain spectrum. The role of the SGC and incoherent pump in the precision and spatial resolution of 2D atom localization is studied. It is found that the probability of finding the atom at a particular position in one period of the standing waves can reach 100% via properly adjusting the parameters of the system.

DOI
10.1364/josab.32.000210

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We present a simple scheme of two-dimensional (2D) atom localization controlled by spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) and incoherent pump in a closed Λ-type three-level atomic system. Due to the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the conditional position probability distribution of the atom passing through the standing waves can be directly determined by measuring the phase-sensitive probe absorption-gain spectrum. The role of the SGC and incoherent pump in the precision and spatial resolution of 2D atom localization is studied. It is found that the probability of finding the atom at a particular position in one period of the standing waves can reach 100% via properly adjusting the parameters of the system.
We propose a new scheme for three-dimensional (3D) atom localization controlled by incoherent pump in a three-level Λ-type atomic system. The spatial position information of an atom in 3D space can be achieved via measuring probe gain and absorption when the atom passes through three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields. It is found that high-detecting-probability and high-precision 3D atom localization can be obtained via properly adjusting the relevant parameters in the presence of the combination of a traveling-wave field and three orthogonal standing-wave fields. Furthermore, it is also shown that the incoherent pumping field can switch the localization patterns from the probe-gain sphere to the probe-absorption sphere and enhance 3D atom-localization precision.
We propose a scheme for two-dimensional atom localization based on the coherent controlled absorption and gain of a weak probe field in a four-level double-\ensuremath{\Lambda} system, in which the atom interacts with two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Owing to the space-dependent atom-field interaction, the position probability distribution of the atom passing through the standing waves can be directly determined by measuring the resulting absorption and gain spectra. The phase-sensitive property of the atomic system significantly reduces the uncertainty in the position measurement of the atom. It is found that, by properly varying the parameters of the system, we can achieve sub-half-wavelength atom localization with high precision. Especially the probability of finding the atom at a particular position can be 100% when a photon with certain frequency is absorbed or amplified. Numerical calculations and qualitative analyses show that the enhancement of precision in the position measurement of the atom is attributed to the interference between the one-photon excitation and the phase-dependent three-photon excitation from the closed interacting contour in the laser-driven atomic system.
Two-dimensional (2D) atom localization via the spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) and detunings associated with the probe and standing-wave driving fields in a three-level V-type atomic system are investigated. In the gain process, two equal and tunable peak maxima of position distribution in the x — y plane via the detunings are observed. However, one decreasing and the other increasing peak maxima in the absorption process via the SGC are achieved in the quadrants I and III of the x — y plane. A better resolution and more novelty for the 2D atom localization in our scheme are obtained.
We propose a scheme for two-dimensional (2D) atom localization based on the controlled spontaneous emission, in which the atom interacts with two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Due to the spatially dependent atom-field interaction, the position probability distribution of the atom can be directly determined by measuring the resulting spontaneously emission spectrum. The phase sensitive property of the atomic system leads to quenching of the spontaneous emission in some regions of the standing-waves, which significantly reduces the uncertainty in the position measurement of the atom. We find that the frequency measurement of the emitted light localizes the atom in half-wavelength domain. Especially the probability of finding the atom at a particular position can reach 100% when a photon with certain frequency is detected. By increasing the Rabi frequencies of the driving fields, such 2D sub-half-wavelength atom localization can acquire high spatial resolution.
The behavior of two-dimensional (2D) atom localization is explored by monitoring the probe absorption in a microwave-driven four-level atomic medium under the action of two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Because of the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the information about the position of the atom can be obtained via the absorption measurement of the weak probe field. It is found that the localization behavior is significantly improved due to the joint quantum interference induced by the standing-wave and microwave-driven fields. Most importantly, the atom can be localized at a particular position and the maximal probability of finding the atom in one period of the standing-wave fields reaches unity by properly adjusting the system parameters. The proposed scheme may provide a promising way to achieve high-precision and high-resolution 2D atom localization.
Localization of the three-level Λ-type atomic system interacting with two orthogonal standing-wave fields is proposed. Two equal and tunable peaks in the 2D plane are obtained by the detunings corresponding to the two orthogonal standing-wave fields when the decreasing intensities of spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) arise in the three-level Λ-type atomic system, while one circular ring with shrinking radii in the 2D plane is obtained by the adjusted phases and wave vectors of the standing-wave fields when the increasing intensities of SGC occur in the three-level Λ-type atomic system. 2D atom localization with the single ring with shrinking radii realized by the multiple parametric manipulations demonstrated the flexibility for our scheme.