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Physical Review A

Proposal for efficient two-dimensional atom localization using probe absorption in a microwave-driven four-level atomic system

Chunling Ding, Jiahua Li, Xiaoxue Yang, Duo Zhang, Hao Xiong

Published Oct 24, 2011• 158 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The behavior of two-dimensional (2D) atom localization is explored by monitoring the probe absorption in a microwave-driven four-level atomic medium under the action of two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Because of the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the information about the position of the atom can be obtained via the absorption measurement of the weak probe field. It is found that the localization behavior is significantly improved due to the joint quantum interference induced by the standing-wave and microwave-driven fields. Most importantly, the atom can be localized at a particular position and the maximal probability of finding the atom in one period of the standing-wave fields reaches unity by properly adjusting the system parameters. The proposed scheme may provide a promising way to achieve high-precision and high-resolution 2D atom localization.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.84.043840

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The behavior of two-dimensional (2D) atom localization is explored by monitoring the probe absorption in a microwave-driven four-level atomic medium under the action of two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Because of the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the information about the position of the atom can be obtained via the absorption measurement of the weak probe field. It is found that the localization behavior is significantly improved due to the joint quantum interference induced by the standing-wave and microwave-driven fields. Most importantly, the atom can be localized at a particular position and the maximal probability of finding the atom in one period of the standing-wave fields reaches unity by properly adjusting the system parameters. The proposed scheme may provide a promising way to achieve high-precision and high-resolution 2D atom localization.
We demonstrate the behavior of three-dimensional (3D) atom localization in a four-level Y-type atomic system driven by a microwave field. The position information of the atom can be obtained by measuring the position-dependent probe absorption when the atom interacts with three orthogonal standing-wave fields. It is found that the precision of the atom localization depends sensitively on the probe detuning and the strength of the microwave field. Remarkably, the localization precision can be significantly improved by increasing the amplitude of the microwave field, and the localization position will be changed by adjusting the relative phase between the standing-wave, microwave, and control fields.
A scheme for realizing two-dimensional atom localization in the sub-wavelength domain is proposed in a microwave-driven five-level hyper inverted-Y atomic system in which the atom interacts with a weak probe field, two control fields together with two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Because of the spatially dependent atom-field interaction, the information about the position of the atom can be extracted directly from the absorption and gain spectra of a weak probe field. It has been found that the probe detuning, the intensities of two control fields, and the relative phase of the driving fields can significantly improve the localization precision. Moreover, the maximal probability of finding the atom at an expected position in the sub-wavelength domain of the standing-wave field can reach unity via properly adjusting the system parameters.
Abstract A scheme for three-dimensional (3D) atom localization with high-precision and high-resolution is proposed and its control is studied in a four-level atomic system driven by an additional microwave field. Because of the spatial dependent interaction between atoms and standing wave fields, the atoms can be localized in a domain with widths as small as 0.014 λ by appropriately adjusting the system parameters. The probe absorption spectrum of the atomic system gives the position information of the atoms and different evolution patterns of the localization structures in this study. The population distribution and its 3D localization structures can be easily adjusted by parameters of the microwave field, which can achieve a 100% probability of observing the atom in a specific space and the accuracy with the value of 0.014 λ . Compared with 1D or 2D localizations, 3D localization can further improve the precision of position measurement and develop its spatial resolution, which may produce a wider variety of practical applications with high precision requirement.
Abstract We propose a new scheme for highly efficient three-dimensional (3D) atom localization in a coherently driven closed-loop four-level atomic system via measuring the probe absorption of the weak field. Due to the spatially dependent atom–field interaction, the absorption spectra of the weak probe laser field carry the information about the atomic position. By solving the density-matrix equations of motion and properly modulating the system parameters such as the probe detuning, the relative phase of three driving fields, and the intensity of the control and microwave fields, we can realize high-precision and high-resolution 3D atom localization. Furthermore, we can find the atom at a certain position with 100% probability under appropriate conditions, and then we employ the dressed-state analysis to explain qualitatively the reason of high-precision 3D atom localization.