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Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Strongly interacting one-dimensional Bose condensates in power law potentials

B. Tanatar

Published Aug 1, 2000• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the interaction effects on the condensates by considering a model of one-dimensional bosons. The power law type external potential allows for the formation of a condensate in these systems. Using a density-functional theory type formalism we obtain an equation describing the condensate wave function in the limit of very strong interactions between the bosons. The properties of the condensate in the model system with strong interactions are investigated. The equivalence of strongly interacting bosons to noninteracting spinless fermions is demonstrated.

DOI
10.1209/epl/i2000-00346-7

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We study the interaction effects on the condensates by considering a model of one-dimensional bosons. The harmonic external potential allows for the formation of a condensate in these systems. Using a density-functional theory-type formalism we obtain an equation describing the condensate wave function in the limit of very strong interactions between the bosons. We then consider a model of strongly interacting two-component system of bosons and study its stability conditions. Similar to the weakly interacting case, the two-component system exhibits coexisting and segregated phases depending on system parameters.
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We present an exact analytical solution of the fundamental system of quasi-one-dimensional spin-1 bosons with infinite delta repulsion. The eigenfunctions are constructed from the wave functions of noninteracting spinless fermions, based on Girardeau's Fermi-Bose mapping. We show that the spinor bosons behave like a compound of noninteracting spinless fermions and noninteracting distinguishable spins. This duality is especially reflected in the spin densities and the energy spectrum. We find that the momentum distribution of the eigenstates depends on the symmetry of the spin function. Furthermore, we discuss the splitting of the ground state multiplet in the regime of large but finite repulsion.
Using the functional integral formulation of nonequilibrium quantum many-body theory we develop a regular description of a Fermi system with a strong attractive interaction in the presence of an external time-dependent potential. In the strong coupling limit this fermionic system is equivalent to a nonequilibrium dilute Bose gas of diatomic molecules. We also consider nonequilibrium strongly coupled Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory and show that it reduces to the full nonlinear time-dependent Gross-Pitaevski equation, which determines the evolution of the condensate wave function.
Thermodynamical properties of an interacting boson system at finite temperatures and zero chemical potential are studied within the framework of the Skyrme-like mean-field toy model. It is assumed that the mean field contains both attractive and repulsive terms. Self-consistency relations between the mean field and thermodynamic functions are derived. It is shown that, for sufficiently strong attractive interactions, this system develops a first-order phase transition via the formation of a Bose condensate. An interesting prediction of the model is that the condensed phase is characterized by a constant total density of particles. It is shown that the energy density exhibits a jump at the critical temperature.