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Applied Optics

Two-dimensional Raman–Nath acousto-optic bistability by use of frequency feedback

Qida Zhao, Shiya He, B. J. Li, Pao-Lo Liu, Xiaoyi Dong

Published Apr 10, 1997• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

From the frequency dependence of the optical transmission characteristics of Raman-Nath acoustic-optic diffraction, the dynamic equations and steady-state solutions of a two-dimensional Raman-Nath acousto-optic bistable system are derived. In this system, feedback is realized by use of a diffracted light beam to control the frequency of the acoustic-optic driver. The curves of light output versus input corresponding to several orders of the diffracted beams are obtained by theoretical analysis. They can all lead to bistability. The amount of hysteresis is a function of the order of the diffracted beam, the bias frequency, and the feedback coefficient. Experimental results are presented and compared with theoretical analyses.

DOI
10.1364/ao.36.002408

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From the frequency dependence of the optical transmission characteristics of Raman-Nath acoustic-optic diffraction, the dynamic equations and steady-state solutions of a two-dimensional Raman-Nath acousto-optic bistable system are derived. In this system, feedback is realized by use of a diffracted light beam to control the frequency of the acoustic-optic driver. The curves of light output versus input corresponding to several orders of the diffracted beams are obtained by theoretical analysis. They can all lead to bistability. The amount of hysteresis is a function of the order of the diffracted beam, the bias frequency, and the feedback coefficient. Experimental results are presented and compared with theoretical analyses.
Previous research with acousto-optic hybrid optical/electronic (HOE) bistable devices has been directed towards operation in the first Bragg regime.1 We have demonstrated several simulations and experiments to study a HOE bistable system in the second Bragg regime. In this bistable system, the acousto-optic device operates in the second order with the light incident at twice the Bragg angle. To achieve optical bistability, the second order diffracted light is detected by a photodetector, amplified with a linear amplifier, summed with a bias voltage, and feedback to the acousto-optic device. The operation of the acousto-optic device can be explained by a set of coupled differential equations. Likewise, the feedback loop can be modeled with a feedback equation. The simultaneous solution of these equations provided our theoretical model. In this talk, we will compare theoretical and experimental results, as well as compare first order and second order operation.
In this paper we report for the first time the presence of bistability in an acoustic-optic tunable filter (AOTF) operating with ultrashort (2 ps) optical light pulses. The results for the study of bistability has shown the dependence of the hysteresis curve with the product of the coupling constant (κ) by the length of the device (ξL) and the conversion power-coupling constant factor (G). The range of bistability varies significantly with both G and with κξL parameters. The variation of κξL directly increases the size of the range of bistability hysteresis while the increase in G causes the bistability to occur at low powers. The phenomenon of optical bistability (OB) is the object of increasing interest due to its possibilities for important device applications. A bistable device is a device with a capability to generate two different outputs for a given input and the physical requirements for this are an intensity-dependence refractive index and an optical feedback mechanism.
Over the past decade, research with acoustooptic hybrid bistable devices has been primarily concerned with operation in the first Bragg regime involving two to four diffracted orders. In this paper, a model that includes both acoustooptic diffraction and nonlinear feedback will be used to investigate optical bistability in the second Bragg regime. In addition, theoretical simulations will be used to compare this system with an identical system operating in the first Bragg regime. Theoretical and experimental results will be presented.
Traditional frequency domain optical bistability(FDOB) devices with hybrid electro-optical feedback have low response speed and high noise fluctuations.Hence,a novel tunable laser FDOB device with an all-optical feedback was developed using a nonlinear fiber ring resonator as the frequency feedback element.Parametric equations of optical bistability were established according to the system's response to nonlinear process and frequency-dependent feedback.Based on the parametric equations,the characteristics and controllable operations of FDOB were analyzed.The switching response speed of the optical bistability was discussed.The analysis showed that the proposed all-fiber laser bistability device can effectively achieve intensity-driven and gain-driven optical bistability.The position and shape of the bistability hysteresis curve vary with the adjustment of gain or loss in the fiber ring resonator,hence realizing the controlled all-optical bistability operations.Sudden jumping of optical bistability in the frequency domain can be applied to monitor laser wavelength shift and achieve sensoring.The optical bistability response time is in the nanosecond order of magnitude and bistability switching is ultrafast.