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Physical Review Letters

Piezophotonic Switching Due to Local Field Effects in a Coherently Prepared Medium of Three-Level Atoms

Aaron S. Manka, Jonathan P. Dowling, Charles M. Bowden, Michael Fleischhauer

Published Sep 26, 1994• 60 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the effect of near dipole-dipole interactions on the electric susceptibility of a coherently prepared three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system. We discuss the influence of atomic nonlinearities on the recently predicted enhancement of the absorptionless index of refraction and inversionless gain due to local field effects [J.P. Dowling and C.M. Bowden, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1421 1993] and predict a density dependent, or piezophotonic, switching between absorption and amplification.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.73.1789

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Comment on “Piezophotonic Switching Due to Local Field Effects in a Coherently Prepared Medium of Three-Level Atoms”

Joseph H. Eberly

A Comment on the Letter by Aaron S. Manaka et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1789 (1994). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.Received 31 October 1994DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.3024©1995 American Physical Society

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Physical Review Letters•Jun 12, 1995•9 citations
We study the effect of near dipole-dipole interactions on the electric susceptibility of a coherently prepared three-level \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ system. We discuss the influence of atomic nonlinearities on the recently predicted enhancement of the absorptionless index of refraction and inversionless gain due to local field effects [J.P. Dowling and C.M. Bowden, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1421 1993] and predict a density dependent, or piezophotonic, switching between absorption and amplification.
We review the effects of density dependent near dipole-dipole, or local field, interactions on lasing without inversion. In particular, we consider the nonlinear behaviour of the macroscopic electric susceptibility of a dense, coherently prepared, three-level Lambda system. For certain values of the atomic density, we observe enhancement of the absorptionless index of refraction and inversionless gain by more than two orders of magnitude. We also predict a piezophotonic switching effect whereby a small change in density induces the system to flip from a strong absorber into a local field enhanced inversionless amplifier.
It is well known that, for static fields, the local microscopic electric field EL, that couples to the atomic dipole moment p, is related to the macroscopic field E and volume polarization P, in a dense dielectric medium, by the Lorentz-Lorenz (LL) relation.1 For dense media, this relation implies a nonlinear relationship between the microscopic molecular polarizability α and the macroscopic susceptibility χ, for a material volume density N. The LL relation also holds for arbitrary time-dependent fields in a nonlinear medium.2 What this implies is that all of quantum optics that uses an external electric field rather than the local field is internally inconsistent and will yield only approximate results for an optically dense medium. We consider the effect of the local field interaction on a simple three-level A system predicted to exhibit lasing without inversion and a high index of refraction at zero absorption.3 A threshold transition allows us to choose a value of this parameter that enhances inversionless gain and absorptionless dispersion by at least two orders of magnitude over that foundin usual lasing without inversion.4