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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Coherent interaction of resonance radiation with many-level systems

Dmitrii I. Gruev

Published Nov 30, 1975• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A study is made of the resonant interaction of monochromatic radiation with many-level weakly nonequidistant systems and also of the interaction of ultrashort radiation pulses with systems of the same kind when the carrier frequency of the pulses is near a resonance frequency. In both cases, equations are obtained that describe the interaction of the radiation with the many-level systems. Analytic solutions of the problem are obtained for a three-level equidistant system under certain additional assumptions. A way of reducing the problem to a set of homogeneous algebraic equations is indicated for the case of monochromatic radiation.

DOI
10.1070/qe1975v005n11abeh012130

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A study is made of the resonant interaction of monochromatic radiation with many-level weakly nonequidistant systems and also of the interaction of ultrashort radiation pulses with systems of the same kind when the carrier frequency of the pulses is near a resonance frequency. In both cases, equations are obtained that describe the interaction of the radiation with the many-level systems. Analytic solutions of the problem are obtained for a three-level equidistant system under certain additional assumptions. A way of reducing the problem to a set of homogeneous algebraic equations is indicated for the case of monochromatic radiation.
A review is given of recent theoretical investigations on coherent propagation and nonlinear interaction of multifrequency ultrashort radiation pulses in resonantly absorbing media. An analysis is made of frequency conversion by parametric interaction and stimulated Raman scattering of laser pulses in resonant three-level media. New ways of controlling the parameters of coherent pulses and the use of multifrequency pulses in the spectroscopy of multilevel media are discussed. The experimental capabilities of the investigated effects are considered.
An analysis is made of the propagation of a short coherent optical pulse in a three-level resonant medium with an essentially nonequidistant spectrum as a function of the degree of preexcitation of the medium. It is found that in addition to self-induced transparency and resonance scattering, stimulated Raman scattering (Stokes or anti-Stokes) should be observed under certain spatial phase-matching conditions. The area theorem is formulated for all radiation components. An analysis is made of the case of propagation of a resonant electromagnetic pulse of frequency ω in a system of three-level atoms having an equidistant spectrum. Under conditions of preexcitation of the medium at the frequency 2ω by longitudinal acoustic pulses, a scattered transverse acoustic wave at the frequency ω may be observed.
Algebraic methods are developed for deriving steady-state solutions of the Bloch equations for a system of NNN atomic (molecular) levels resonantly coupled to strong coherent radiation fields in the rotating-wave approximation, and undergoing thermal (radiative and collisional) homogeneous relaxation. These methods are applied to a "ladder" model, in which the excitation and relaxation occur by one-level steps, with one field mode in resonance with each step. Explicit solution (in terms of coupling strengths, relaxation rates, and frequency detunings) is given for the three-level system, and some observations are made on systems of four or more levels. The process of solution of the N2{N}^{2}N2-dimensional set of Bloch equations involves matrices of dimension $N\ensuremath{-}1$ or less.
The propagation of two ultrashort radiation pulses interacting via an intermediate level is analyzed by numerical integration of a system of equations describing coherent interaction between radiation and a three-level medium. It is shown that the propagation of the pulses depends strongly on their areas on entry to the medium and on the relationship between the dipole moments of transitions between neighboring levels. Substantial temporal narrowing was established for fairly high-power pulses (4π and 6π pulses) and this may be utilized to control their durations. Investigations are also made of the influence of relaxation processes, delay of pulses relative to one another on entry to the medium, and nonresonant dispersion during pulse propagation under the specified conditions.
An analysis is made of the interaction of radiation with a two-level medium at a high particle density. An explicit allowance is made in the interaction Hamiltonian for the interaction between dipoles induced by a resonance field. A semiclassical description is used to obtain a system of equations describing the propagation of a pulse in the active medium. The equations contain nonlinear terms allowing for the interaction in question. An approximate solution of the equations is obtained for the case of amplification of a weak noncoherent pulse describing pulse compression in the amplifying medium. The theory is compared with experimental results.