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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Hyperfine interaction constants and lifetime of the 62D3/2and 62D5/2states of39K measured by the quantum beam method

Małgorzata Głódź, M Krainska-Miszczak

Published Apr 28, 1985• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The hyperfine structure and lifetime of the 6 2 D 3/2 and 6 2 D 5/2 states in 39 K are studied experimentally. The states were excited from the ground state by two-photon absorption of the laser light pulses. The hyperfine-structure intervals, and hence the hyperfine-structure interaction constants, were obtained from the numerical analysis of the zero-field quantum beat signals. The unmodulated component of the fluorescence decay curve served to determine the lifetime. In a separate experiment a magnetic field was applied to induce partial decoupling of the electronic and nuclear angular momenta in the 6 2 D states. The sign of the magnetic dipole interaction constants was deduced from the resulting difference between the intensities of sigma + and sigma - polarised fluorescence.

DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/18/8/010

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Hyperfine structure of excited alkali states using quantum beat spectroscopy

William Arie van Wijngaarden, J. Sagle

Quantum beats arising from the hyperfine interaction were observed in the 7D3/2 to 5P1/2 transition in 85Rb. Theoretical expressions for the beat signals were fit to the data to determine the magnetic dipole constant a=1.415+or-0.030 MHz, electric quadrupole constant b=0.31+or-0.06 MHz and radiative lifetime tau =346+or-25 ns of the 85Rb 7D3/2 state.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Mar 14, 1991•11 citations
The hyperfine structure and lifetime of the 6 2 D 3/2 and 6 2 D 5/2 states in 39 K are studied experimentally. The states were excited from the ground state by two-photon absorption of the laser light pulses. The hyperfine-structure intervals, and hence the hyperfine-structure interaction constants, were obtained from the numerical analysis of the zero-field quantum beat signals. The unmodulated component of the fluorescence decay curve served to determine the lifetime. In a separate experiment a magnetic field was applied to induce partial decoupling of the electronic and nuclear angular momenta in the 6 2 D states. The sign of the magnetic dipole interaction constants was deduced from the resulting difference between the intensities of sigma + and sigma - polarised fluorescence.
Hyperfine structure in three n 2 D 5/2 states (n=11, 12 and 13) of 87 Rb was investigated by the quantum-beat method in zero magnetic field. The states of interest were excited by two-photon absorption from a single hyperfine substate (with F=1) of the ground state. The magnetic-dipole interaction constant A and the electric-quadrupole interaction constant B were obtained by analysis of the modulation frequencies of the fluorescence signals (transition n 2 D 5/2 -5 2 P 3/2 ). The results (MHz) are as follows: mod A(11 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.361(7), mod B(11 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.071(11), mod A(12 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.266(9), mod B(12 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.063(14), mod A(13 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.20(1), mod B(13 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.05(2). For all the states, A and B differ in sign. The effective lifetimes obtained as a by-product of the experiment are also presented.
In investigations of hyperfine structure (hfs) by the quantum beat method, the two-photon excitation scheme was introduc to4tta a numb of highly excited D states of some alkali metal isotopes ( K, K, Rb and Rb). In the present paper some details of the experimental technique are presented. The values of the magnetic-dipole interaction constant A and the electric-quadrupole interacion constant B, obtained in a series of experiments for the states of interest (6 D312 5/2 of 39K, 62D312 of 41K, l1,122D312 of °5Rb, lO-132D312 and 9-132D512 of 87Rb) are summarized and compared with other results concerning hfs of the D states of the same isotopes. The relatively simple method proved to be quite effective .n extending the measurements of hyperfine interaction constants to highly excited D states of alkali metal atoms.
The states were studied by selective detection of the fluorescence generated in atoms of the vapour by stepwise excitation, using as sources a conventional caesium lamp for the first step from the ground state and a pulsed, tunable laser for the second. The techniques of delayed coincidence counting were applied to measure the time distribution of intensity of the fluorescent light. The observed modulation, representing in each case a superposition of the hyperfine intervals showed a characteristic period which was interpreted as the reciprocal of the magnetic interaction constant a for the states in question. The relative simplicity of the modulation patterns is a consequence of the negligibly small quadrupole interaction in 133 Cs. With the polarizer oriented at cos -1 3 -1/2 to the analyzer the modulation was suppressed, leaving a simple exponential decay from which the lifetime of the population tau , could be determined.
The hyperfine structure of the second-excited DDD states of 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb, 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb, and 133Cs^{133}\mathrm{Cs}133Cs has been measured by the method of cascade-radio-frequency spectroscopy and cascade-level crossing. The sign of the magnetic-dipole coupling constant AAA is determined by the method of cascade-decoupling and cascade-radio-frequency spectroscopy with narrow-band excitation. Lifetimes $\ensuremath{\tau}$ of some of these states are measured by the cascade-Hanle effect. We find that for 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb, $A(5^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}})=14.43\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.23$ MHz, $A(5^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}})=\ensuremath{-}7.44\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.10$ MHz, $\ensuremath{\tau}(5^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}})=205\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}40$ nsec; for 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb, $A(5^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}})=4.18\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.20$ MHz, $A(5^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}})=\ensuremath{-}2.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.20$ MHz; for 133Cs^{133}\mathrm{Cs}133Cs, $A(6^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}})=16.30\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.15$ MHz, $A(6^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}})=\ensuremath{-}3.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0$ MHz, $\ensuremath{\tau}(6^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}})=57\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}15$ nsec.