Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Hyperfine structure of excited alkali states using quantum beat spectroscopy

William Arie van Wijngaarden, J. Sagle

Published Mar 14, 1991• 11 citations

Abstract

Quantum beats arising from the hyperfine interaction were observed in the 7D3/2 to 5P1/2 transition in 85Rb. Theoretical expressions for the beat signals were fit to the data to determine the magnetic dipole constant a=1.415+or-0.030 MHz, electric quadrupole constant b=0.31+or-0.06 MHz and radiative lifetime tau =346+or-25 ns of the 85Rb 7D3/2 state.

DOI: 10.1088/0953-4075/24/5/013

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Hyperfine-interaction constants of the 8 D3/2 state in Rb85 using quantum-beat spectroscopy

William Arie van Wijngaarden, Junlei Li, J. Koh

Physical Review AJul 1, 19938 citations

Measurements of magnetic-dipole and electric-quadrupole interaction constants of the 11, 12 and 132D5/2states in87Rb by the quantum-beat method

Małgorzata Głódź, M Krainska-Miszczak

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical PhysicsOct 14, 19893 citations

Observation of quantum beats in the 6 D3/2 →5 P1/2 transition in Rb85

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Physical Review AJan 1, 198613 citations

Excited state hyperfine structures in 133Cs using quantum beat spectroscopy

J. Sagle, William Arie van Wijngaarden

Quantum beats arising from the hyperfine interaction were observed in the fluorescence produced when the 8D3/2, 9D3/2, and 10D3/2 states of 133Cs radiatively decayed to the 6P1/2 state. The period of the beats equals the reciprocal of the magnetic dipole coupling constant a since the 133Cs nucleus has a negligibly small electric quadrupole moment. The results are a = 3.95 ± 0.01, 2.38 ± 0.01, and 1.54 ± 0.02 MHz for the 8D3/2, 9D3/2, and 10D3/2 states, respectively.

Canadian Journal of PhysicsJul 1, 19918 citations

Quantum beat spectroscopy: Stimulated emission probe of hyperfine quantum beats in the atomic Cs 8p2P3/2 level

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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Hyperfine structure of excited alkali states using quantum beat spectroscopy

William Arie van Wijngaarden, J. Sagle

Published Mar 14, 1991• 11 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1088/0953-4075/24/5/013

Related papers

Hyperfine-interaction constants of the 8 D3/2 state in Rb85 using quantum-beat spectroscopy

William Arie van Wijngaarden, Junlei Li, J. Koh

Quantum beats due to the hyperfine interaction were observed in the radiative decay of the 8 ${\mathit{D}}_{3/2}$ state in $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ . The data agree well with theory allowing determination of the magnetic-dipole (\ensuremath{\Vert}a\ensuremath{\Vert}=0.879\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008 MHz) and electric-quadrupole (\ensuremath{\Vert}b\ensuremath{\Vert}=0.15\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02 MHz) (a/b>0) hyperfine constants. The results are consistent with those obtained for other ${\mathit{D}}_{3/2}$ states in $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ . The observed magnetic-dipole constants for the ${\mathit{nD}}_{3/2}$ n>7 states of $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ are given to within 2% by the relation a(MHz)=252/ ${\mathit{n}}^{\mathrm{*}3}$ where ${\mathit{n}}^{\mathrm{*}}$ is the effective principal quantum number.Quantum beats due to the hyperfine interaction were observed in the radiative decay of the 8${\mathit{D}}_{3/2}$ state in $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$. The data agree well with theory allowing determination of the magnetic-dipole (\ensuremath{\Vert}a\ensuremath{\Vert}=0.879\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008 MHz) and electric-quadrupole (\ensuremath{\Vert}b\ensuremath{\Vert}=0.15\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02 MHz) (a/b>0) hyperfine constants. The results are consistent with those obtained for other ${\mathit{D}}_{3/2}$ states in $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$. The observed magnetic-dipole constants for the ${\mathit{nD}}_{3/2}$ n>7 states of $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ are given to within 2% by the relation a(MHz)=252/${\mathit{n}}^{\mathrm{*}3}$ where ${\mathit{n}}^{\mathrm{*}}$ is the effective principal quantum number.

Physical Review AJul 1, 19938 citations

Measurements of magnetic-dipole and electric-quadrupole interaction constants of the 11, 12 and 132D5/2states in87Rb by the quantum-beat method

Małgorzata Głódź, M Krainska-Miszczak

Hyperfine structure in three n 2 D 5/2 states (n=11, 12 and 13) of 87 Rb was investigated by the quantum-beat method in zero magnetic field. The states of interest were excited by two-photon absorption from a single hyperfine substate (with F=1) of the ground state. The magnetic-dipole interaction constant A and the electric-quadrupole interaction constant B were obtained by analysis of the modulation frequencies of the fluorescence signals (transition n 2 D 5/2 -5 2 P 3/2 ). The results (MHz) are as follows: mod A(11 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.361(7), mod B(11 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.071(11), mod A(12 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.266(9), mod B(12 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.063(14), mod A(13 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.20(1), mod B(13 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.05(2). For all the states, A and B differ in sign. The effective lifetimes obtained as a by-product of the experiment are also presented.Hyperfine structure in three n 2 D 5/2 states (n=11, 12 and 13) of 87 Rb was investigated by the quantum-beat method in zero magnetic field. The states of interest were excited by two-photon absorption from a single hyperfine substate (with F=1) of the ground state. The magnetic-dipole interaction constant A and the electric-quadrupole interaction constant B were obtained by analysis of the modulation frequencies of the fluorescence signals (transition n 2 D 5/2 -5 2 P 3/2 ). The results (MHz) are as follows: mod A(11 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.361(7), mod B(11 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.071(11), mod A(12 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.266(9), mod B(12 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.063(14), mod A(13 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.20(1), mod B(13 2 D 5/2 ) mod =0.05(2). For all the states, A and B differ in sign. The effective lifetimes obtained as a by-product of the experiment are also presented.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical PhysicsOct 14, 19893 citations

Observation of quantum beats in the 6 D3/2 →5 P1/2 transition in Rb85

William Arie van Wijngaarden, Keith Bonin, W. Happer

Quantum beats due to the hyperfine interaction were observed in the 6 ${D}_{3/2}$ \ensuremath{\rightarrow}5 ${P}_{1/2}$ transition in $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ . Good agreement with theory was obtained, allowing determination of the values for the magnetic dipole (a=2.32\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06 MHz) and electric quadrupole (b=1.62\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06 MHz) hyperfine constants for the upper state.Quantum beats due to the hyperfine interaction were observed in the 6${D}_{3/2}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5${P}_{1/2}$ transition in $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$. Good agreement with theory was obtained, allowing determination of the values for the magnetic dipole (a=2.32\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06 MHz) and electric quadrupole (b=1.62\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06 MHz) hyperfine constants for the upper state.

Physical Review AJan 1, 198613 citations

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J. Sagle, William Arie van Wijngaarden

Canadian Journal of PhysicsJul 1, 19918 citations

Quantum beat spectroscopy: Stimulated emission probe of hyperfine quantum beats in the atomic Cs 8p2P3/2 level

Servet Bayram, Phillip T. Arndt, Oleg Popov +4 more

Measurements of hyperfine polarization quantum beats are used to determine the magnetic dipole (A) and electric quadrupole (B) coupling constants in the excited atomic Cs $8p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{3/2}$ level. The experimental approach is a combination of pulsed optical pumping and time-delayed stimulated-emission probing of the excited level. From the measured evolution of the atomic linear polarization degree as a function of probe delay time, we determine the hyperfine coupling constants $A=7.42(6)$ MHz and $B=0.14(29)$ MHz.Measurements of hyperfine polarization quantum beats are used to determine the magnetic dipole (A) and electric quadrupole (B) coupling constants in the excited atomic Cs $8p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{3/2}$ level. The experimental approach is a combination of pulsed optical pumping and time-delayed stimulated-emission probing of the excited level. From the measured evolution of the atomic linear polarization degree as a function of probe delay time, we determine the hyperfine coupling constants $A=7.42(6)$ MHz and $B=0.14(29)$ MHz.

arXiv:1409.0290Physical Review ADec 11, 201413 citations

Measurement of hyperfine coupling constants in the 3dt2 Dj levels of K39 , K40 , and K41 by polarization quantum-beat spectroscopy

A. Sieradzan, R. Stoleru, Wo Yei +1 more

Hyperfine quantum-beat spectroscopy has been utilized in a pump-probe configuration to measure magnetic dipole (A) and electric quadrupole (B) coupling constants in the 3d ${\mathrm{}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{D}}_{3\mathrm{/}2}$ and 3d ${\mathrm{}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{D}}_{5\mathrm{/}2}$ levels of three isotopes of potassium. For many of these levels, the largest hyperfine splitting is smaller than the natural width, and so a subnatural linewidth technique is required. In the experiments, the 3d levels are excited on the 4d ${\mathrm{}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}$ \ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d ${\mathrm{}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{j}}$ quadrupole transition with linearly polarized light. Time evolution of the alignment components in the d levels is probed by time-delayed resonant radiation on the 3d ${\mathrm{}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{j}}$ \ensuremath{\rightarrow}9p ${\mathrm{}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{j}}$ transitions. Comparison of the excitation rate for two orthogonal relative polarization directions of the pump and probe laser at each delay time permits derivation of a linear polarization degree. This quantity contains beats at the various hyperfine frequencies in the d levels. Fitting the experimentally obtained time dependence to theoretical expressions allows extraction of the hyperfine coupling constants. For the 3d ${\mathrm{}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{D}}_{3\mathrm{/}2}$ level of $^{40}\mathrm{K}$ we obtain A=0.96(4) MHz and B=0.37(8) MHz, indicating a typical precision also obtained for the other levels and isotopes.Hyperfine quantum-beat spectroscopy has been utilized in a pump-probe configuration to measure magnetic dipole (A) and electric quadrupole (B) coupling constants in the 3d${\mathrm{}}^{2}$${\mathrm{D}}_{3\mathrm{/}2}$ and 3d${\mathrm{}}^{2}$${\mathrm{D}}_{5\mathrm{/}2}$ levels of three isotopes of potassium. For many of these levels, the largest hyperfine splitting is smaller than the natural width, and so a subnatural linewidth technique is required. In the experiments, the 3d levels are excited on the 4d${\mathrm{}}^{2}$${\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d${\mathrm{}}^{2}$${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{j}}$ quadrupole transition with linearly polarized light. Time evolution of the alignment components in the d levels is probed by time-delayed resonant radiation on the 3d${\mathrm{}}^{2}$${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{j}}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}9p${\mathrm{}}^{2}$${\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{j}}$ transitions. Comparison of the excitation rate for two orthogonal relative polarization directions of the pump and probe laser at each delay time permits derivation of a linear polarization degree. This quantity contains beats at the various hyperfine frequencies in the d levels. Fitting the experimentally obtained time dependence to theoretical expressions allows extraction of the hyperfine coupling constants. For the 3d${\mathrm{}}^{2}$${\mathrm{D}}_{3\mathrm{/}2}$ level of $^{40}\mathrm{K}$ we obtain A=0.96(4) MHz and B=0.37(8) MHz, indicating a typical precision also obtained for the other levels and isotopes.

Physical Review AMay 1, 199714 citations

Quantum beats due to the hyperfine interaction were observed in the radiative decay of the 8

{\mathit{D}}_{3/2}

state in

^{85}\mathrm{Rb}

. The data agree well with theory allowing determination of the magnetic-dipole (\ensuremath{\Vert}a\ensuremath{\Vert}=0.879\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008 MHz) and electric-quadrupole (\ensuremath{\Vert}b\ensuremath{\Vert}=0.15\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02 MHz) (a/b>0) hyperfine constants. The results are consistent with those obtained for other

{\mathit{D}}_{3/2}

states in

^{85}\mathrm{Rb}

and

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

. The observed magnetic-dipole constants for the

{\mathit{nD}}_{3/2}

n>7 states of

^{85}\mathrm{Rb}

are given to within 2% by the relation a(MHz)=252/

{\mathit{n}}^{\mathrm{*}3}

where

{\mathit{n}}^{\mathrm{*}}

is the effective principal quantum number.

Quantum beats due to the hyperfine interaction were observed in the 6

{D}_{3/2}

\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5

{P}_{1/2}

transition in

^{85}\mathrm{Rb}

. Good agreement with theory was obtained, allowing determination of the values for the magnetic dipole (a=2.32\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06 MHz) and electric quadrupole (b=1.62\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06 MHz) hyperfine constants for the upper state.

Measurements of hyperfine polarization quantum beats are used to determine the magnetic dipole (A) and electric quadrupole (B) coupling constants in the excited atomic Cs

8p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{3/2}

level. The experimental approach is a combination of pulsed optical pumping and time-delayed stimulated-emission probing of the excited level. From the measured evolution of the atomic linear polarization degree as a function of probe delay time, we determine the hyperfine coupling constants

A=7.42(6)

MHz and

B=0.14(29)

MHz.

Hyperfine quantum-beat spectroscopy has been utilized in a pump-probe configuration to measure magnetic dipole (A) and electric quadrupole (B) coupling constants in the 3d

{\mathrm{}}^{2}

{\mathrm{D}}_{3\mathrm{/}2}

and 3d

{\mathrm{}}^{2}

{\mathrm{D}}_{5\mathrm{/}2}

levels of three isotopes of potassium. For many of these levels, the largest hyperfine splitting is smaller than the natural width, and so a subnatural linewidth technique is required. In the experiments, the 3d levels are excited on the 4d

{\mathrm{}}^{2}

{\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}

\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d

{\mathrm{}}^{2}

{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{j}}

quadrupole transition with linearly polarized light. Time evolution of the alignment components in the d levels is probed by time-delayed resonant radiation on the 3d

{\mathrm{}}^{2}

{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{j}}

\ensuremath{\rightarrow}9p

{\mathrm{}}^{2}

{\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{j}}

transitions. Comparison of the excitation rate for two orthogonal relative polarization directions of the pump and probe laser at each delay time permits derivation of a linear polarization degree. This quantity contains beats at the various hyperfine frequencies in the d levels. Fitting the experimentally obtained time dependence to theoretical expressions allows extraction of the hyperfine coupling constants. For the 3d

{\mathrm{}}^{2}

{\mathrm{D}}_{3\mathrm{/}2}

level of

^{40}\mathrm{K}

we obtain A=0.96(4) MHz and B=0.37(8) MHz, indicating a typical precision also obtained for the other levels and isotopes.