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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Theoretical investigation of induced-dichroism-excited atomic line filter

Yundong Zhang, Xutao Sun, Zhusong He, Ping Yuan

Published Jan 11, 2005• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

A theoretical model for the Laser induced dispersion optical filter (LIDOF) is presented. The filter has a higher transmission and a narrower line width than excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical-filter (ESFADOF). The theoretical treatment is valid for different atoms LIDOF systems.
DOI
10.1117/12.575862

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A narrow-band, gate-able matched optical filter with large extinction ratio and high transmission is required for ocean lidar applications at wavelength of 532 nm. Two types of filters, the induced dichroism excited-state atomic line (IDEAL) and excited state anomalous Faraday dispersion optical filter (ESFADOF), are studied. They are operating on the 4P1/2 to 8S1/2 excited states transition line of potassium vapor and a narrow band at 532 nm. The measured critical features of the IDEAL filter are: 1.3 GHz (i.e..01A) narrow pass band, approximately 45% peak transmission, high extinction coefficient in the order of 10-5, very fast rise time (<3ns) and a 15 ns decay time determined by resonant enhanced two photon transition. The physical mechanism of the IDEAL filter operation is explained in terms of resonant enhanced two photon transition. Good agreement between experiment and the derived theoretical model is achieved. The pertinent features of the excited (ESFADOF) filter were measured to be: approximately 15% peak transmission, high extinction coefficient in the order of 10-5, very fast rise time (<3ns), and a decay time in the tens of microsecond range governed by resonant photon trapping. The physical processes contributing to the ESFADOF filter action are resonant photon trapping and Faraday anomalous dispersion. The experimental results confirmed theoretical predictions. The applications of these filters are discussed in terms of improving the lidar system performance. Specifically, the narrow bandwidth of these filters eliminates the background noise caused by stray solar radiation and thereby enhances the dynamic range of the lidar system. Furthermore the fast efficient gating of the filters minimizes reflection from the ocean surface, which is several orders of magnitude higher than the return signal from underwater targets.
In this paper, we introduce by far the most promising schemes to realize excited state atomic filter. Excited state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (ES-FADOF) with direct pumping, as the traditional method, provides a very direct way, while ES-FADOF with indirect pumping, as proposed very recently, provides much more choices. Moreover, induced dichroism excited state atomic line filter can provide much narrower bandwidth but lower transmittance. Based on the requirement of specific applications, different methods should be used.
An induced-dichroism-excited atomic line (IDEAL) filter at 1529 nm operating on the transition of87Rb 52P3/2-42D3/2 is realized. Its peak transmittance achieves 63.8% at 80 °C by a 13.4 mW/mm2laser pumping at 780 nm and the equivalent noise bandwidth is 546 MHz. Detailed experiments show that, compared with the excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter and excited-state Voigt atomic line filters which are realized by the same atomic vapor cell, operating on the same transition and under the same pumping intensity, the IDEAL filter achieves the same performance level without the magnetic field. This letter provides a new solution to ultra-narrow optical filtering at 1529 nm, and it is particularly useful in applications which require non-magnetic environments.
Abstract A narrow linewidth Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) with reflection configuration is achieved for the first time based on the cesium (Cs) ground state 6S1/2 to the excited state 6P3/2 transition at 852 nm. Compared with the conventional FADOF with transmission configuration, reflection-type FADOF can greatly improve the transmittance of optical filter under the same experimental parameters, because it allows signal light to go and return through the atomic vapor cell. In our experiment, peak transmittance at Cs 6S1/2 F = 4–6P3/2 transition is 81% for the reflection-type FADOF, and while 54% for the transmission-type FADOF when the temperature of Cs vapor cell and the axial magnetic field are 60 °C and 19 G. The idea of this reflection-type FADOF design has the potential to be applied to the FADOF operating between two excited states to obtain higher transmittance.