Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Stark effect in atomic helium in a very high electric field up to 1500 kV/cm

Laurentius Windholz, Ryszard Drozdowski, Jerzy Kwela, Józef Heldt

Published Nov 18, 2003• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the spectral range between 480 nm and 630 nm the Stark effect of the transitions n1Q-21S, n1Q-21P and n3Q-23P(n=3÷9, Q=S, P,...) was studied using electric field up to 1500 kV/cm. For such a high field the Stark splitting becomes greater than the simple structure of the atom. Hence, anticrossings of the Stark components of the same magnetic quantum number occur. The experimental results have been compared with the theoretically determined shifts. The results of caluclations show good agreement with observation not only for low field values, but also in high fields and in case of level anticrossings.

DOI
10.1117/12.544336

Related papers

Anticrossing effects in Stark spectra of helium

Laurentius Windholz, Ryszard Drozdowski, Tomasz J. Wąsowicz +1 more

In the spectral range between 480 nm and 630 nm the Stark effect of the transitions n 1Q-2 1S, n 1Q-2 1P and n 3Q-2 3P (n=3÷10, Q=S, P,...) was studied using electric field up to 1500 kV/cm. For such a high field the Stark splitting becomes greater than the simple structure of the atom. Hence anticrossings of the Stark components of the same magnetic quantum number occur. The experimental results have been compared with the theoretically determined shifts. The results of calculations show good agreement with observation.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Jun 1, 2005•6 citations

Stark effect of atomic Helium singlet lines

Laurentius Windholz, Tomasz J. Wąsowicz, Ryszard Drozdowski +1 more

We present experimental and theoretical investigations of the He spectral series 2S1−nQ1 (n=3÷9, Q=S,P,D,…,n−1) and 2P1−nQ1 (n=3÷9, Q=S,P,D,…,n−1) in electric fields up to 1635 kV/cm. Apart from the allowed transitions with |ΔL|=1, the transitions with |ΔL|=0,2,3,…—without field strictly forbidden—were observed. Several He patterns become similar to hydrogen patterns, which means they are nearly symmetric and show in higher fields nearly linear Stark shifts. The applied fields are high enough that patterns belonging to neighboring principal quantum numbers (for n>6) begin to overlap, which leads to interesting level-anticrossing effects. The experimental results are compared with numerical calculations, taking into account mixing between states of different principal quantum numbers and between singlet and triplet states. The agreement between experimental and theoretical results is quite good.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Apr 10, 2012•20 citations

Laser spectroscopy of electric-field 1s3d anticrossings of He I

D. Kaiser, Gebhard von Oppen

Singlet-triplet anticrossings of 1s3d Stark sublevels of He I were investigated by inducing resonance transitions from the 1s2p 3 P level to the 1s3d Stark states at electric fields 80 kV cm -1 <F z <100 kV cm -1 . The measurements were performed using a beam of metastable helium atoms perpendicular to a 588 nm laser beam from a tunable dye laser. From the energy separations of closest approach of four anticrossings we deduced the radial integrals h off 3p =(3660+or-200) MHz and h off 3d (652.6+or-1.0) MHz of the singlet-triplet off-diagonal matrix elements of the spin-orbit coupling for the 1s3p and 1s3d configurations. They agree with recently calculated values.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Oct 28, 1994•8 citations

Measurement of the nonlinear Stark effect in the 2 P122 state of hydrogen

K J Kollath, Hans Kleinpoppen

Level crossings between the substates $2 ^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$, ${m}_{j}=\ensuremath{-}\frac{3}{2}$ and $2 ^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$, ${m}_{j}=\frac{1}{2}$ of atomic hydrogen have been observed for electric fields up to 250 kV/m. A nonlinear low-field Stark effect has been measured for the $2 ^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ state, in agreement with theoretical calculations which include Lamb shift and hyperfine structure.

Physical Review A•Nov 1, 1974•10 citations

The low-field stark effect of hydrogen, n=2

K J Kollath

The nonlinear low-field Stark effect in the level n=2 of hydrogen has been investigated. \nThe experiment employed the level crossing technique, measuring the position of the crossings between the Zeeman states: \n2P3/2, mj=-3/2 and 2P1/2, mj=1/2; and \n2P3/2, mj=-3/2 and 2S1/2, mj=1/2; \nas the electric field was varied from 0 to 500 kV/m. \nA beam of atomic hydrogen, produced by thermal dissociation, was subjected to parallel electric and magnetic fields. Lymman –α (Lyα) resonance radiation was generated in an electrodeless microwave discharge lamp. The profile of the Lyα line emitted by the lamp has been investigated experimentally. \nThe level crossings were detected as changes of the Lyα resonance fluorescence intensity observed in a certain direction. The crossing positions were determined from the observed crossing signals of Lorentzian profile by a least squares computer programme. \nThe experimental results for the crossing positions as afuction of the electric field have been compared with theoretical calculations. The theoretical values were obtained by numerical diagonalization of the matrix of the eigenstates |2ℓjFmF> for perturbation by combined electric and magnetic fields. Radiative corrections were included. \nTheoretical values and experimental results agreo within the experimental uncertainties of 2%.

•Jan 1, 1974•0 citations

Rydberg states of helium in electric and magnetic fields of arbitrary relative orientation

Ondřej Tkáč, Matija Žeško, Josef A. Agner +2 more

A spectroscopic study of Rydberg states of helium (n = 30 and 45) in magnetic, electric and combined magnetic and electric fields with arbitrary relative orientations of the field vectors is presented. The emphasis is on two special cases where (i) the diamagnetic term is negligible and both paramagnetic Zeeman and Stark effects are linear (n = 30, B ≤ 120 mT and F = 0-78 V cm⁻¹), and (ii) the diamagnetic term is dominant and the Stark effect is linear (n = 45, B = 277 mT and F = 0-8 V cm⁻¹). Both cases correspond to regimes where the interactions induced by the electric and magnetic fields are much weaker than the Coulomb interaction, but much stronger than the spin-orbit interaction. The experimental spectra are compared to spectra calculated by determining the eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian matrix describing helium Rydberg states in the external fields. The spectra and the calculated energy-level diagrams in external fields reveal avoided crossings between levels of different m ₗ values and pronounced m ₁-mixing effects at all angles between the electric- and magnetic-field vectors other than 0. These observations are discussed in the context of the development of a method to generate dense samples of cold atoms and molecules in a magnetic trap following Rydberg-Stark deceleration.

•Apr 1, 2016•5 citations
In the spectral range between 480 nm and 630 nm the Stark effect of the transitions n1Q-21S, n1Q-21P and n3Q-23P(n=3÷9, Q=S, P,...) was studied using electric field up to 1500 kV/cm. For such a high field the Stark splitting becomes greater than the simple structure of the atom. Hence, anticrossings of the Stark components of the same magnetic quantum number occur. The experimental results have been compared with the theoretically determined shifts. The results of caluclations show good agreement with observation not only for low field values, but also in high fields and in case of level anticrossings.
In the spectral range between 480 nm and 630 nm the Stark effect of the transitions n 1Q-2 1S, n 1Q-2 1P and n 3Q-2 3P (n=3÷10, Q=S, P,...) was studied using electric field up to 1500 kV/cm. For such a high field the Stark splitting becomes greater than the simple structure of the atom. Hence anticrossings of the Stark components of the same magnetic quantum number occur. The experimental results have been compared with the theoretically determined shifts. The results of calculations show good agreement with observation.
We present experimental and theoretical investigations of the He spectral series 2S1−nQ1 (n=3÷9, Q=S,P,D,…,n−1) and 2P1−nQ1 (n=3÷9, Q=S,P,D,…,n−1) in electric fields up to 1635 kV/cm. Apart from the allowed transitions with |ΔL|=1, the transitions with |ΔL|=0,2,3,…—without field strictly forbidden—were observed. Several He patterns become similar to hydrogen patterns, which means they are nearly symmetric and show in higher fields nearly linear Stark shifts. The applied fields are high enough that patterns belonging to neighboring principal quantum numbers (for n>6) begin to overlap, which leads to interesting level-anticrossing effects. The experimental results are compared with numerical calculations, taking into account mixing between states of different principal quantum numbers and between singlet and triplet states. The agreement between experimental and theoretical results is quite good.
Singlet-triplet anticrossings of 1s3d Stark sublevels of He I were investigated by inducing resonance transitions from the 1s2p 3 P level to the 1s3d Stark states at electric fields 80 kV cm -1 <F z <100 kV cm -1 . The measurements were performed using a beam of metastable helium atoms perpendicular to a 588 nm laser beam from a tunable dye laser. From the energy separations of closest approach of four anticrossings we deduced the radial integrals h off 3p =(3660+or-200) MHz and h off 3d (652.6+or-1.0) MHz of the singlet-triplet off-diagonal matrix elements of the spin-orbit coupling for the 1s3p and 1s3d configurations. They agree with recently calculated values.
Level crossings between the substates 22P322 ^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}22P23​​, ${m}_{j}=\ensuremath{-}\frac{3}{2}$ and 22P122 ^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}22P21​​, mj=12{m}_{j}=\frac{1}{2}mj​=21​ of atomic hydrogen have been observed for electric fields up to 250 kV/m. A nonlinear low-field Stark effect has been measured for the 22P122 ^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}22P21​​ state, in agreement with theoretical calculations which include Lamb shift and hyperfine structure.
The nonlinear low-field Stark effect in the level n=2 of hydrogen has been investigated. \nThe experiment employed the level crossing technique, measuring the position of the crossings between the Zeeman states: \n2P3/2, mj=-3/2 and 2P1/2, mj=1/2; and \n2P3/2, mj=-3/2 and 2S1/2, mj=1/2; \nas the electric field was varied from 0 to 500 kV/m. \nA beam of atomic hydrogen, produced by thermal dissociation, was subjected to parallel electric and magnetic fields. Lymman –α (Lyα) resonance radiation was generated in an electrodeless microwave discharge lamp. The profile of the Lyα line emitted by the lamp has been investigated experimentally. \nThe level crossings were detected as changes of the Lyα resonance fluorescence intensity observed in a certain direction. The crossing positions were determined from the observed crossing signals of Lorentzian profile by a least squares computer programme. \nThe experimental results for the crossing positions as afuction of the electric field have been compared with theoretical calculations. The theoretical values were obtained by numerical diagonalization of the matrix of the eigenstates |2ℓjFmF> for perturbation by combined electric and magnetic fields. Radiative corrections were included. \nTheoretical values and experimental results agreo within the experimental uncertainties of 2%.
A spectroscopic study of Rydberg states of helium (n = 30 and 45) in magnetic, electric and combined magnetic and electric fields with arbitrary relative orientations of the field vectors is presented. The emphasis is on two special cases where (i) the diamagnetic term is negligible and both paramagnetic Zeeman and Stark effects are linear (n = 30, B ≤ 120 mT and F = 0-78 V cm⁻¹), and (ii) the diamagnetic term is dominant and the Stark effect is linear (n = 45, B = 277 mT and F = 0-8 V cm⁻¹). Both cases correspond to regimes where the interactions induced by the electric and magnetic fields are much weaker than the Coulomb interaction, but much stronger than the spin-orbit interaction. The experimental spectra are compared to spectra calculated by determining the eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian matrix describing helium Rydberg states in the external fields. The spectra and the calculated energy-level diagrams in external fields reveal avoided crossings between levels of different m ₗ values and pronounced m ₁-mixing effects at all angles between the electric- and magnetic-field vectors other than 0. These observations are discussed in the context of the development of a method to generate dense samples of cold atoms and molecules in a magnetic trap following Rydberg-Stark deceleration.