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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Properties of light group velocity in ultracold atom gas

Zhengfeng Hu, Daijun Li, C. G. Du, Shiqun Li

Published Sep 11, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate electromagnetically induced transparency and slow group velocity of light in ultracold Bose gas with two Roman pulses structure. The light speed and properties of Electromagnetically induced transparency can be changed by controlling the atomic interaction. Atomic interaction can be as a knob to control the optical properties of atomic media. This can be realized in experiment by using Feshbach resonance technique.

DOI
10.1117/12.483020

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We investigate electromagnetically induced transparency and slow group velocity of light in ultracold Bose gas with two Roman pulses structure. The light speed and properties of Electromagnetically induced transparency can be changed by controlling the atomic interaction. Atomic interaction can be as a knob to control the optical properties of atomic media. This can be realized in experiment by using Feshbach resonance technique.
The optical properties of a five-level atomic system composed of a 'Lambda'-type four-level atomic and a tripod four-level atomic systems are investigated. It is found that the behaviors of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and group velocity can be controlled by choosing appropriate parameters with the interacting dark resonances. In particular, when all the fields are on resonance, the slow light at the symmetric transparency windows with a much broader EIT width is obtained by tuning the intensity of the coupling field in comparison with its sub-system, which provides potential applications in quantum storage and retrieval of light.
We systematically investigate the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and slow light properties in ultracold Bose and Fermi gases. It shows a very different property from the classical theory, which assumes frozen atomic motion. For example, the speed of light inside the atomic gases can be changed significantly near the Bose–Einstein condensation temperature, while the presence of the Fermi sea can destroy the EIT effect even at zero temperature. From an experimental point of view, such quantum EIT property is mostly manifested in the counterpropagating excitation schemes in either the low-lying Rydberg transition with a narrow linewidth or in the D2 transitions with a weak coupling field. We further investigate the interaction effects on the EIT for a weakly interacting Bose–Einstein condensate, showing an inhomogeneous broadening of the EIT profile and nontrivial change of the light speed due to the quantum depletion other than mean-field energy shifts.
We describe a Raman scheme where the group velocity of an optical pulse can be altered dramatically. With this none electromagnetically-induced-transparency scheme, we show that when on a two-photon resonance, a light pulse can propagate with extremely slow group velocity. Both pulse narrowing and broadening can occur depending upon the choice of two-photon detuning. When using a tuned far-off two-photon resonance, we show that the pulse propagates ``superluminally'' in the medium with pulse narrowing.
We have investigated the optical properties of A-configuration ultracold dense Bose gas interacting with two laser pulses, which usually result in electromagnetically induced transparency. With the nonrelativistic quantum electrodynamics and taking into account the atomic dipole-dipole interaction and local field effect, we have derived the Maxwell-Bloch equations of the system. The dispersion relation of an ultracold Bose gas has been obtained and the light-induced nonlinear effects have been analysed. The light-induced nonlinear effects are different from the effects induced by two-body collision of Bose-Einstein condensation atoms which have a frequency shift of transparent window.