Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

physica status solidi (b)

Experimental Investigation of Three‐Level Optical Stark Effect in Semiconductors

D. Fröhlich, Ch. Neumann, Bruno Uebbing, Robert Wille

Published May 1, 1990• 35 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The three‐level optical Stark effect is due to a dynamical coupling of two excited levels. The coupling is achieved by a high intensity CO2 laser. Results of experiments on multiple quantum wells (MQW) and excitons in Cu2O are presented. In the MQW the coupling between the two lowest conduction band sublevels leads to characteristic changes in the one‐photon spectra of the lowest exciton transitions. In Cu2O the CO2 laser pulse couples 1 S and 2 P excitons. In this case the one‐photon spectrum of the 2 P exciton (dipole allowed) and also of the 1 S spectrum (quadrupole allowed) show drastic changes. Most of the experimental results can be explained quantitatively in terms of a nonlinear susceptibility.

DOI
10.1002/pssb.2221590135

Related papers

Three-level optical Stark effect in semiconductors

Dietmar H. Froehlich, Christian Neumann, Bruno Uebbing +1 more

The three-level optical Stark effect is due to a dynamical coupling of two excited states by an intense laser field. This effect has been observed on the heavy and light hole excitons in multiple quantum wells (MQW) and the dipole allowed 2 P exciton in Cu20. In this contribution new results on the dipole forbidden but quadrupole allowed 1 S exciton in Cu20 are reported. The experimental results are analyzed in terms of a nonlinear susceptibility which takes into account the dynamical coupling between the excited states to all orders.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 1, 1990•0 citations

Observation of the Resonant Optical Stark Effect in a Semiconductor

D. Fröhlich, A. Nöthe, Klaus Reimann

This Letter presents for the first time the observation of the resonant optical Stark effect in a semiconductor. The excitonic system of ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$O is well suited to the investigation of this effect because of its rather large binding energy and well-resolved resonances at low temperatures. The mixing between the $1S$ and $2P$ excitons by the electric field of a tunable high-power C${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ laser leads to drastic changes in the one-photon spectrum around the $2P$ absorption line. Even details of the line shape are consistently described in terms of the frequency-dependent nonlinear susceptibility.

Physical Review Letters•Sep 16, 1985•183 citations

Coherent Nonlinear Response of Excitons in Semiconductors

I. Balslev, Á. Stáhl

Abstract The nonlinear optical response of excitons in semiconductors is studied theoretically, particularly the so‐called nonresonant optical Stark effect. Results from a two‐band density matrix formalism and its reduction to a two‐level approximation are compared. It is found that the two models give similar results except at very high pumping levels. The calculated results agree well with experiments on quantum wells in (AlGa)As–GaAs.

physica status solidi (b)•Dec 1, 1988•7 citations

The Optical Stark effect of the exciton due to dynamical coupling between quantized states of the electron and hole in quantum wells

Nguyễn Hồng Quang

Optical Stark effect of the exciton in quantum wells is treated by taking into account not only dynamical coupling by pump field between quantized states of the electron in the conduction band but also the coupling between quantized states of the hole in the valence band. The changes in the calculated one-photon absorption probability by exciton depend essentially on pump field detuning.

Unknown eBooks•Aug 1, 1992•0 citations

Polarisation effects of the dynamical Stark effect of excitons in quantum wells

J Schlosser, Á. Stáhl, I. Balslev

The authors study the polarisation properties of the dynamical Stark effect of excitons in semiconductor quantum wells. They start from a four-band density matrix theory involving the heavy- and light-hole band and the two lowest conduction subbands. The set of equations of motion contains the dynamics relevant for both Frohlich-type experiments (pumping with a carbon dioxide laser) and the case of pumping a few exciton rydbergs below the exciton line. The authors perform the relevant projections based on excitonic eigenstates and study the resulting 'few-level' systems. From this they calculate the change in the susceptibility tensor with respect to a weak probe beam caused by a pump beam with specified polarisation and frequency.

Journal of Physics Condensed Matter•Jul 9, 1990•9 citations

Polarization Dependence in the Intraband Optical Stark Effect of Quantum Wells

D. Fröhlich, Saskia Spitzer, Bruno Uebbing +1 more

Abstract Experiments and a theoretical description of the optical intraband Stark effect in multiple quantum wells for an in‐plane polarization of pump and test fields are presented. The nonlinear absorption spectra show a pronounced dependence on the angle between pump and test field polarization. For a quantitative agreement between theory and experimental results it is necessary to take the inhomogeneous distribution of the pump field into account, which is due to multiple reflections of the CO2 laser beam in the sample.

physica status solidi (b)•Sep 1, 1992•10 citations
Abstract The three‐level optical Stark effect is due to a dynamical coupling of two excited levels. The coupling is achieved by a high intensity CO2 laser. Results of experiments on multiple quantum wells (MQW) and excitons in Cu2O are presented. In the MQW the coupling between the two lowest conduction band sublevels leads to characteristic changes in the one‐photon spectra of the lowest exciton transitions. In Cu2O the CO2 laser pulse couples 1 S and 2 P excitons. In this case the one‐photon spectrum of the 2 P exciton (dipole allowed) and also of the 1 S spectrum (quadrupole allowed) show drastic changes. Most of the experimental results can be explained quantitatively in terms of a nonlinear susceptibility.
The three-level optical Stark effect is due to a dynamical coupling of two excited states by an intense laser field. This effect has been observed on the heavy and light hole excitons in multiple quantum wells (MQW) and the dipole allowed 2 P exciton in Cu20. In this contribution new results on the dipole forbidden but quadrupole allowed 1 S exciton in Cu20 are reported. The experimental results are analyzed in terms of a nonlinear susceptibility which takes into account the dynamical coupling between the excited states to all orders.
This Letter presents for the first time the observation of the resonant optical Stark effect in a semiconductor. The excitonic system of Cu2{\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}Cu2​O is well suited to the investigation of this effect because of its rather large binding energy and well-resolved resonances at low temperatures. The mixing between the 1S1S1S and 2P2P2P excitons by the electric field of a tunable high-power CO2{\mathrm{O}}_{2}O2​ laser leads to drastic changes in the one-photon spectrum around the 2P2P2P absorption line. Even details of the line shape are consistently described in terms of the frequency-dependent nonlinear susceptibility.
The authors study the polarisation properties of the dynamical Stark effect of excitons in semiconductor quantum wells. They start from a four-band density matrix theory involving the heavy- and light-hole band and the two lowest conduction subbands. The set of equations of motion contains the dynamics relevant for both Frohlich-type experiments (pumping with a carbon dioxide laser) and the case of pumping a few exciton rydbergs below the exciton line. The authors perform the relevant projections based on excitonic eigenstates and study the resulting 'few-level' systems. From this they calculate the change in the susceptibility tensor with respect to a weak probe beam caused by a pump beam with specified polarisation and frequency.
Abstract Experiments and a theoretical description of the optical intraband Stark effect in multiple quantum wells for an in‐plane polarization of pump and test fields are presented. The nonlinear absorption spectra show a pronounced dependence on the angle between pump and test field polarization. For a quantitative agreement between theory and experimental results it is necessary to take the inhomogeneous distribution of the pump field into account, which is due to multiple reflections of the CO2 laser beam in the sample.