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Journal of Applied Physics

Linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in a two-electron quantum dot

Liangliang Lu, Wenfang Xie, HASSAN HASSANABADI

Published Mar 15, 2011• 98 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Analytical expressions of the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in a two-electron quantum dot with oscillating and linear confining terms are obtained by using compact-density matrix approach and exact analytical method. Numerical results on typical GaAs/AlGaAs materials show that, an increase of the confinements blueshifts the peak positions of absorption coefficients and refractive index changes. Additionally, an increase of the optical intensity and relaxation time considerably changes the absorption coefficients as well as the refractive index changes.

DOI
10.1063/1.3560541

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Analytical expressions of the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in a two-electron quantum dot with oscillating and linear confining terms are obtained by using compact-density matrix approach and exact analytical method. Numerical results on typical GaAs/AlGaAs materials show that, an increase of the confinements blueshifts the peak positions of absorption coefficients and refractive index changes. Additionally, an increase of the optical intensity and relaxation time considerably changes the absorption coefficients as well as the refractive index changes.
The study presents results of the linear and non-linear optical properties of GaAs quantum dots. The reported work aims to provide new results of the quantum dot optical properties confined in Hua plus modified Eckart (HPME) potential. To obtain analytical expressions for the energy eigenvalues and the wave functions, we solved the time-independent Schrödinger equation for the HPME potential by using the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method. Investigation of the linear, third-order nonlinear, and total absorption coefficients and refractive index changes was done with the help of the density matrix approach. The results showed that the energy decreases in a linear manner as the potential parameter, V0. Also, it is observed that as the barrier slope increases, the peaks of the linear, third-order linear, and total absorption coefficient tend to higher values of energy. Furthermore, as the barrier slope increases, the change in refractive indices increases, and their positions shift to higher energies. Additionally, an increase in the structure parameters and optical intensity greatly influences the absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes of the quantum dots.
Abstract This study explores how hydrostatic pressure, temperature, incident light intensity, and structural parameters modulate optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes in GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As spherical quantum dots under the screened cosine Kratzer potential. We use the Nikiforov-Uvarov method to solve the Schrödinger equation to determine the relevant wave functions and energy levels. And using iterative method and density matrix theory, we derived analytical expressions for the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes. The results of the numerical analyses demonstrate that both the structural parameters of the quantum dots and the external environmental factors significantly influence the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes, with varying degrees of impact. It is particularly noteworthy that these factors are extremely important for modulating the peak amplitude and resonance peak position of the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes, providing important theoretical basis for us to deeply understand and modulate the nonlinear optical properties of quantum dots.
Intersubband optical absorption coefficient and refractive index changes of a weakly prolate ellipsoidal quantum dot, using the compact-density matrix formalism and iterative method, are investigated. In this regard, the linear and nonlinear intersubband optical absorption coefficient and refractive index changes of a GaAs / Al x Ga 1-x As ellipsoidal quantum dot, as functions of the dot radius, ellipticity constant, stoichiometric ratio and incident light intensity are calculated. The results indicate that absorption coefficient and refractive index changes strongly depend on the light intensity, size and geometry of the dot and structure parameters such as aluminium concentration in GaAs / Al x Ga 1-x As structures.
In this present study, we have theoretically investigated the effect of applied external electric field and non-resonant intense laser field, as well as the adjustable physical parameters (A, M, and η) of the system, on the linear and nonlinear of GaAs/GaAlAs cylindrical quantum dot. The confinement potential of the quantum dot is composed of the axial potential with a Razavy-type quantum well in the z-direction, and the cylindrical-type potential in the radial direction. To achieve this goal, the wave functions, and the corresponding eigenvalues of the electron are investigated by resolving the time-independent Schrödinger equation using the diagonalisation technique in terms of the effective mass approximation. The linear and nonlinear optical properties’ expressions have been calculated with the help of the compact density matrix method. Our numerical results show that by changing the A, M, and η parameters, we can see a blueshift or redshift in the total optical absorption coefficients (TOACs) and relative refractive index changes (RRICs). Additionally, they are redshifted, and their extrema increase as the radius increases. The increase in electric field or laser field intensities generates a strong displacement of the resonant peak position towards the higher energies, diminishes the TOACs magnitude, and shrinks RRICs extrema. The model potential used in the computation is important, and the study of it will be practical in the development and research of nanostructures systems.
In this work, The effects of electron-phonon interaction on the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes are investigated theoretically. In this regard the compact-density matrix approach and iterative methods are employed and the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes of a GaAs quantum box are obtained. The results show that the magnitude of these quantities are enhanced, the peaks are shifted to the higher energies and the width of the peaks becomes larger as the influence of electron-phonon interaction is considered.