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Physical Review A

Self-sustained pulsations of light in a nonlinear thin-film system

Pavel V. Paulau, Natalia A. Loiko

Published Jul 22, 2005• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The propagation of light through the system composed of two thin films with resonant nonlinearity has been considered. Conditions for the multistability and Hopf bifurcations have been found. Two kinds of self-sustained pulsations including Rabi oscillations have been distinguished. A possible experimental observation of the effects described using quantum-confined semiconductor structures as a resonant medium has been discussed.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.72.013819

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The propagation of light through the system composed of two thin films with resonant nonlinearity has been considered. Conditions for the multistability and Hopf bifurcations have been found. Two kinds of self-sustained pulsations including Rabi oscillations have been distinguished. A possible experimental observation of the effects described using quantum-confined semiconductor structures as a resonant medium has been discussed.
This study investigates a structure including two such films irradiated from one side. Such a bilayer system can be considered as the basic element of a multilayer structure determining the main features of the all structure on the one hand and as individual element transforming the light on the other hand. Superradiation of the film both in the direction of incident beam and in the back direction provides the delay feedback between separate films. This study reveals two mechanisms of Hopf instabilities in the described thin-film system. The first mechanism is connected with the existence of multistable steady-state characteristic due to the superradiance and local field correction, while the second is relevant to the excitement of Rabi oscillations. Arising pulsations are sustained by the delay feedback existing between two films. The threshold value of the feedback delay can be minimized by the proper choice of parameters and even reduced to zero in the case of Rabi oscillations excitement.
A system consisting of two thin films interacting resonantly with a light field is considered. The model formulated for such a system is based on the approximation of two-level atoms and takes into account the peculiarities of the semiconductor medium, in particular, the effect of the ratio of dispersions of real and imaginary parts of the susceptibility (α-factor). It is shown that the inclusion of the α-factor leads to an additional nonlinearity and a considerable modification of the set of steady states of the system. The effect of α-factor on the dynamic regimes emerging in the system is discussed.
Two years ago, the first proposal and demonstration of self-focusing optical bistability was published.1 In this paper it was shown that a self-focused beam in a nonlinear medium would exhibit hysteresis if the beam were reflected back on itself. The effect was demonstrated using a dye laser beam and Na vapor as the nonlinear medium. The optical hysteresis observed is in good qualitative agreement with a recently - published analysis of this system.2 By taking account of the saturation of the nonlinearity, more complex behavior has been predicted.2 This behavior is due to oscillations of the spot size as the self-focused beam propagates through the nonlinear medium. In this paper we report on our experimental studies of optical multistability due to these spot size oscillations.
An approximate theoretical analysis is given of the bistable behavior of a simple resonator based on total internal reflection. It is assumed that the medium within the resonator is simultaneously absorbing and nonlinear. It is found that the amplitude bistability characteristics can be comparable to analogous characteristics for more complicated total-internal-reflection structures whose operation is based on tunnel excitation of waveguide modes. It is shown that strong phase bistability is possible in nonabsorbing total-internal-reflection resonators, and the possibility of using total-internal-reflection resonators as light modulators is discussed.