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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Rozhdestvenski hooks in two-photon parametric light scattering

Dmitry Korystov, S. P. Kulik, Alexander N. Penin

Published Mar 1, 2001• 26 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The interference of spontaneous parametric radiation was observed from two nonlinear crystals separated by a macroscopic layer of a linear substance and excited by a common pump beam. In the presence of strong dielectric dispersion in the layer, the frequency-angular spectra display features analogous to the Rozhdestvenski hooks. The hook wavelength corresponds to the compensation of group velocity dispersions in the nonlinear crystals and the layer.

DOI
10.1134/1.1371056

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The interference of spontaneous parametric radiation was observed from two nonlinear crystals separated by a macroscopic layer of a linear substance and excited by a common pump beam. In the presence of strong dielectric dispersion in the layer, the frequency-angular spectra display features analogous to the Rozhdestvenski hooks. The hook wavelength corresponds to the compensation of group velocity dispersions in the nonlinear crystals and the layer.
Interference is observed between the spontaneous parametric radiation from two nonlinear crystals separated by a macroscopic air gap and excited in series by a common pump beam. The phase of the interference depends on the phase shifts at three frequencies. A simple quantum model agrees well with the experimental results and makes it possible to interpret the effect in terms of general vacuum fluctuations which give rise to the spontaneous emission of mutually coherent radiation from the two crystals.
Two types of interference were observed using two-photon spontaneous parametric radiation from two nonlinear interaction regions. Two experimental setups analogous to the Young and Mach-Zehnder interferometers were used. An interesting feature of the two-photon Young interference is the opposite conditions for its observation by two different methods: by measuring intensity of light at a single frequency and by measuring correlation of intensities at two conjugated frequencies (method of coincidences). Two-photon Mach-Zehnder interference resembles the Ramsey method of separated fields, which is used in beam spectroscopy. A simple macroscopic quantum model agrees well with the experimental results and enables their interpretation in terms of ``biphotons'' carrying information about the pump phase.
The interference of biphotonic light produced in the process of spontaneous parametric scattering (SPS) in two spatially separated non-centrally symmetric crystals is considered. A scheme of the nonlinear Mach—Zehnder interferometer is realised. It is shown that in this case, the frequency-angular intensity distribution in the far-field zone (the SPS spectrum) contains information not only on non-centrally symmetric crystals, where biphotonic fields are created, but also on the optical properties of the medium located between the scattering crystals. The algorithms for the determination of the dispersion law in this medium are developed.
A means of nonlinear interferential comb spectroscopy with increased sensitivity is propsed. Radiation from the comb-generator of a femtosecond laser is focused at the center of a cell with vapors of rubidium atoms, mounted in an arm of a Michelson interferometer. This technique is an improvement of Rozhdestvenski hooks method, with digital registration by the detectors on a CCD array being substituted for the photographic registration of interferograms, resulting in increased interferometric sensitivity (holographic interferometry). A primary spectrogram is processed in digital form on a dual-beam interferometer equipped with a phase modulator to improve sensitivity with the possibility of an a posteriori increase in interferometric sensitivity. Dispersive signals appear in the interferogram spectrogram on two-photon absorption lines when the pumping radiation is focused at the center of a cell with Rb vapors. Nonlinear processes of coherent radiation due to nonlinear interference effects are studied. Numerical simulations are performed that confirm the proposed theoretical model.
We study the interference structure of the second-order intensity correlation function for polarization-entangled two-photon light obtained from type-II collinear frequency-degenerate spontaneous parametric down conversion. The structure is visualized due to the spreading of the two-photon amplitude in an optical fiber with group-velocity dispersion. A birefringent material inserted at the output of the nonlinear crystal leads to a more complicated interference structure of the correlation function.