Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

The motion of particle spin in a nonuniform electromagnetic field

Alexander J. Silenko

Published May 1, 2003• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have applied the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation to spin-1 particles interacting with a nonuniform electromagnetic field. This allowed us to simultaneously confirm that the Pomeransky-Khriplovich-Sen’kov theory is valid and that the interaction of spin 1-particles with a weak field is properly described by the Corben-Schwinger equation. We analyzed the possibilities for experimentally testing theoretical conclusions by observing spin oscillations for the planar channeling of particles or nuclei in straight crystals. By carrying out such experiments, we can also detect the spin oscillations produced by electromagnetic interaction and measure the quadrupole moments of short-lived nuclei.

DOI
10.1134/1.1581931

Related papers

Verification of Relativistic Wave Equations for Spin-1 Particles

Alexander J. Silenko

The Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation for relativistic spin-1 particles interacting with nonuniform electric and uniform magnetic fields is performed. The Hamilton operator in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation is determined. It agrees with the Lagrangian obtained by Pomeransky, Khriplovich, and Sen'kov. The validity of the Corben-Schwinger equations is confirmed. However, an attempt to generalize these equations in order to take into account the own quadrupole moment of particles was not successful. The known second-order wave equations are incorrect because they contain non-Hermitian terms. The correct second-order wave equation is derived.

arXiv:hep-th/0401183•Jan 24, 2004•2 citations

Analysis of wave equations for spin-1 particles interacting with an electromagnetic field

Alexander J. Silenko

The Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation for relativistic spin-1 particles interacting with nonuniform electric and uniform magnetic fields is performed. The Hamilton operator in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation is determined. It agrees with the Lagrangian obtained by Pomeransky, Khriplovich, and Sen'kov. The classical and quantum formulae for the Hamiltonian agree. The validity of the Corben-Schwinger equations is confirmed. However, it is difficult to generalize these equations in order to take into account the quadrupole moment defined by a particle charge distribution. The known second-order wave equations are not quite satisfactory because they contain non-Hermitian terms. The Hermitian second-order wave equation is derived.

arXiv:hep-th/0404074•Apr 9, 2004•7 citations

Foldy–Wouthuysen transformation for relativistic particles in external fields

Alexander J. Silenko

A method of Foldy–Wouthuysen transformation for relativistic spin-1/2 particles in external fields is proposed. It permits the determination of the Hamilton operator in the Foldy–Wouthuysen representation with any accuracy. Interactions between a particle having an anomalous magnetic moment and nonstationary electromagnetic and electroweak fields are investigated.

arXiv:math-ph/0404067•Journal of Mathematical Physics•Jun 19, 2003•111 citations

Quantum-Mechanical Description of the Electromagnetic Interaction of Relativistic Particles with Electric and Magnetic Dipole Moments

Alexander J. Silenko

The Hamiltonian of relativistic particles with electric and magnetic dipole moments that interact with an electromagnetic field is determined in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation. Transition to the semiclassical approximation is carried out. The quantum-mechanical and semiclassical equations of spin motion are derived.

arXiv:hep-ph/0602033•Feb 3, 2006•0 citations

Spin-spin effects from non-relativistic limit of Dirac-Pauli-Maxwell Lagrangian

Radmehr Fathi, Nima Khosravi

It is natural to expect that the electromagnetic spin-spin interaction has roots in a more fundamental theory: quantum electrodynamics in this case. To show this, we take the non-relativistic limit of the Dirac-Maxwell Lagrangian, using the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation and derive the Breit interaction by an alternative approach. By adding the Pauli term (i.e., a higher-order interaction between spin and the electromagnetic field), we calculate the correction terms to electromagnetic spin-spin interactions in the non-relativistic limit. Finally, we study some of the physical effects of these terms regarding spin-spin interactions and spin-spin entanglements. Accordingly, we provide theoretical estimates that are not yet accessible with current experiments.

quant-pharXiv:2608.28904•Sep 1, 2026•0 citations

On the form of Lorentz-Stern-Gerlach force

Sameen Ahmed Khan, M. Pusterla

In recent times there has been a renewed interest in the force experienced by a charged-particle with anomalous magnetic moment in the presence of external fields. In this paper we address the basic question of the force experienced by a spin-1/2 point-like charged-particle with magnetic and electric moments in the presence of space-and time-dependent external electromagnetic fields, when derived from the Dirac equation {\em via} the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation technique. It is interesting to note that the force thus derived differs from the ones obtained by various other prescriptions.

arXiv:physics/9910034•Oct 22, 1999•0 citations
We have applied the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation to spin-1 particles interacting with a nonuniform electromagnetic field. This allowed us to simultaneously confirm that the Pomeransky-Khriplovich-Sen’kov theory is valid and that the interaction of spin 1-particles with a weak field is properly described by the Corben-Schwinger equation. We analyzed the possibilities for experimentally testing theoretical conclusions by observing spin oscillations for the planar channeling of particles or nuclei in straight crystals. By carrying out such experiments, we can also detect the spin oscillations produced by electromagnetic interaction and measure the quadrupole moments of short-lived nuclei.
The Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation for relativistic spin-1 particles interacting with nonuniform electric and uniform magnetic fields is performed. The Hamilton operator in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation is determined. It agrees with the Lagrangian obtained by Pomeransky, Khriplovich, and Sen'kov. The validity of the Corben-Schwinger equations is confirmed. However, an attempt to generalize these equations in order to take into account the own quadrupole moment of particles was not successful. The known second-order wave equations are incorrect because they contain non-Hermitian terms. The correct second-order wave equation is derived.
The Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation for relativistic spin-1 particles interacting with nonuniform electric and uniform magnetic fields is performed. The Hamilton operator in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation is determined. It agrees with the Lagrangian obtained by Pomeransky, Khriplovich, and Sen'kov. The classical and quantum formulae for the Hamiltonian agree. The validity of the Corben-Schwinger equations is confirmed. However, it is difficult to generalize these equations in order to take into account the quadrupole moment defined by a particle charge distribution. The known second-order wave equations are not quite satisfactory because they contain non-Hermitian terms. The Hermitian second-order wave equation is derived.
It is natural to expect that the electromagnetic spin-spin interaction has roots in a more fundamental theory: quantum electrodynamics in this case. To show this, we take the non-relativistic limit of the Dirac-Maxwell Lagrangian, using the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation and derive the Breit interaction by an alternative approach. By adding the Pauli term (i.e., a higher-order interaction between spin and the electromagnetic field), we calculate the correction terms to electromagnetic spin-spin interactions in the non-relativistic limit. Finally, we study some of the physical effects of these terms regarding spin-spin interactions and spin-spin entanglements. Accordingly, we provide theoretical estimates that are not yet accessible with current experiments.
In recent times there has been a renewed interest in the force experienced by a charged-particle with anomalous magnetic moment in the presence of external fields. In this paper we address the basic question of the force experienced by a spin-1/2 point-like charged-particle with magnetic and electric moments in the presence of space-and time-dependent external electromagnetic fields, when derived from the Dirac equation {\em via} the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation technique. It is interesting to note that the force thus derived differs from the ones obtained by various other prescriptions.