Physica Scripta

Experimental Investigation of Radiative Decay Rates of Metastable Levels in Eu II

Danijela Rostohar, Karin Andersson, A. M. Derkatch, H. Hartman, S. Mannervik, L.‐O. Norlin, Peder Royen, Annette Schmitt, Xavier Tordoir

Published Sep 1, 2001• 16 citations

Publisher

Abstract

The radiative lifetimes of the metastable a 9 D J ( J = 2–5) levels in Eu II have been measured by laser probing of a stored ion beam. The lifetimes of all four J levels are slightly above 1 s. A deviation from the expected energy dependence of the decay rates for electric quadrupole transitions is observed and discussed.

DOI: 10.1238/physica.regular.064a00237

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Physica Scripta

Experimental Investigation of Radiative Decay Rates of Metastable Levels in Eu II

Danijela Rostohar, Karin Andersson, A. M. Derkatch, H. Hartman, S. Mannervik, L.‐O. Norlin, Peder Royen, Annette Schmitt, Xavier Tordoir

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Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1238/physica.regular.064a00237

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Optical pumping has been applied to a stored ion beam of singly charged strontium. Collinear laser excitation in the storage ring transferred the main part of the ion beam into the metastable

4d^{2}D_{3/2}

level. Subsequent observation of the forbidden electric quadrupole transition to the ground state yielded information about the radiative lifetime of the metastable state. With this new method a lifetime of $435\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4\mathrm{ms}$ was obtained. The metastable

4d^{2}D

levels are presently focused on as candidates for a new frequency standard.

The radiative lifetime of

1s2s^{3}S_{1}

{\mathrm{Li}}^{+}

ions has been measured by a comparison of the count rate of spontaneous decay photons (210 \AA{}) to a laser-induced fluorescence signal proportional to the total number of metastable ions. The ions were confined in a rf-quadrupole trap, and the fluorescence signal used was the intercombination transition

1s2p^{3}P_{1}

to $1{s}^{2}^{1}S_{0}$ at 202 \AA{}. The

^{3}P_{1}

state was populated from

^{3}S_{1}

by absorption of laser photons at 5485 \AA{}. The result is ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{r}=58.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}12.9$ sec (95% confidence level); theory predicts ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{r}=49.1$ sec.

The radiative lifetime of Li II

2^{1}S_{0}

has been measured by counting decay photons versus time from an ensemble of metastable Li ions stored in a simple electromagnetic trap of the Penning variety. The result is ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{expt}}=503(26)$ \ensuremath{\mu}sec. The error represents one standard deviation from the mean of a series of 34 separate determinations. This result is in agreement with the theoretical value ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{th}}=513$ \ensuremath{\mu}sec.

The radiative lifetime of the

{}^{1}{S}_{0}

metastable state of

{\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}

has been measured with a different type of electrostatic ion trap. The ion trap stores ion beams of a few keV using purely electrostatic fields and provides a large field-free region where the stored ions oscillate. A photomultiplier working in the single-photon counting mode was used to observe the 380 nm photons arising from the magnetic dipole

(M1)

transition ${}^{1}{\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{{S}_{0}}}^{3}{P}_{1}$ of

{\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}.

The present measurement yields a value of $4.46\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08 \mathrm{ms},$ which is in good agreement with previous measurements, but is almost four times more accurate.

The natural lifetime of the metastable

4d\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}D_{5∕2}

state in

^{88}\mathrm{Sr}^{+}

has been measured using a single laser-cooled, trapped ion. The ion was prepared in the

4d\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}D_{5∕2}

state by laser excitation of the $5s\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}S_{1∕2}\ensuremath{-}4d\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}D_{5∕2}$ quadrupole transition at 674 nm. The decay time was measured by using Dehmelt's electron shelving method to monitor the ion's electronic state. Two separate investigations were conducted under slightly different experimental conditions. 160 000 decay times from the

4d\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}D_{5∕2}

state were observed in total, and two different methods for determining the statistical value of the measured lifetime have been compared. Systematic effects have also been estimated, and including these effects yields a value of $\ensuremath{\tau}=390.8(1.6)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ms}$ ($1\ensuremath{\sigma}$ uncertainty) for the natural lifetime.