Physical Review Letters

Observation of an atomic Stark–electric-quadrupole interference

L. R. Hunter, W. A. Walker, David S. Weiss

Published Feb 24, 1986• 46 citations

Abstract

An interference between electric quadrupole and Stark induced dipole amplitudes is observed for the first time. Measurement of this interference in atomic strontium permits the first experimental determination of the decay rate between the lowest $^{1}\mathrm{P}$ and metastable $^{1}\mathrm{D}$ levels in an alkaline-earth atom. We obtain the result A(5s5p-5s4d)=(3.85\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.94\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5 3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{3}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.56.823

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Physical Review Letters

Observation of an atomic Stark–electric-quadrupole interference

L. R. Hunter, W. A. Walker, David S. Weiss

Published Feb 24, 1986• 46 citations

Publisher

Abstract

^{1}\mathrm{P}

and metastable

^{1}\mathrm{D}

levels in an alkaline-earth atom. We obtain the result A(5s5p-5s4d)=(3.85\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.94\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5 3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}

{10}^{3}

{\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.56.823

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^{1}\mathrm{P}

and metastable

^{1}\mathrm{D}

levels in an alkaline-earth atom. We obtain the result A(5s5p-5s4d)=(3.85\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.94\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5 3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}

{10}^{3}

{\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}

Quantum interference between an electric-quadrupole transition and a Stark--induced-dipole-transition amplitude leads to a net orientation of an atomic excited state. When the barium 6

{\mathit{s}}^{2}

1S-6s5d

^{1}

D transition is excited in the presence of an electric field, we find the induced orientation of the 6s5d

^{1}

D state to be (2.86\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.59)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}6}$(V/cm${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$.

{\mathit{a}}_{\mathit{M}1}

{\mathit{a}}_{\mathit{E}2}

=(-2.37\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.37\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.28)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}8}$ (kV/cm${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$.

The 877.5-nm electric-field-induced quench radiation on a thermal beam of Ba atoms in the metastable 6s5d

^{1}

{\mathit{D}}_{2}

state for transition to the 5

{\mathit{s}}^{2}

^{1}

{\mathit{S}}_{0}

ground state has been measured at the 3% precision level. The Stark-enhanced dipole radiation yields a simple relationship between the field-free-decay rates for transitions between the metastable

^{1}

{\mathit{D}}_{2}

state and the nearby states that are mixed in by the field. Using the known decay rates, we obtain a decay rate of A(6s6p

^{3}

{\mathit{P}}_{1}

--6s5d

^{1}

{\mathit{D}}_{2}

)\ensuremath{\sim}7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}

{10}^{3}

${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$.

Dipole-dipole interactions between helium atoms in Rydberg-Stark states with principal quantum number

n=53

and approximately linear Stark energy shifts, resulting from induced electric dipole moments of approximately 7900 D, have been investigated experimentally. The experiments were performed in pulsed supersonic metastable helium beams, with particle number densities of up to $\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{9}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. In the presence of amplitude-modulated, radio-frequency electric fields, changes in the spectral intensity distributions associated with the transitions to these states that are attributed to dipole-dipole interactions within the ensembles of excited atoms have been observed. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with calculations of the Rydberg energy level structure carried out using Floquet methods, and excitations shared by up to four atoms. The use of these Rydberg-Stark states as sensors for nonresonant broadband radio-frequency electrical noise is also discussed.