Physical Review Letters

Optical State Truncation by Projection Synthesis

David Thomas Pegg, Lee S. Phillips, Stephen Mark Barnett

Published Aug 24, 1998• 329 citations

Abstract

We show how the number-state expansion of an optical state can be truncated so as to leave only its vacuum and one photon components. This can be achieved using a ``quantum scissors'' device, the operation of which relies on a nonlocal quantum effect.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.81.1604

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Physical Review Letters

Optical State Truncation by Projection Synthesis

David Thomas Pegg, Lee S. Phillips, Stephen Mark Barnett

Published Aug 24, 1998• 329 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.81.1604

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Selective truncation of the Fock-state expansion of an optical field can be achieved using projection synthesis. The process removes the predetermined Fock states from the input field by conditional measurement and teleportation. We present a scheme to perform projection synthesis based on multiport interferometry. This scheme can be used both as a generalized quantum scissors device that filters out Fock states with photon numbers higher than a predetermined value, and as a quantum punching device that selectively removes specific Fock states, making holes in the Fock-state expansion of the input field.Selective truncation of the Fock-state expansion of an optical field can be achieved using projection synthesis. The process removes the predetermined Fock states from the input field by conditional measurement and teleportation. We present a scheme to perform projection synthesis based on multiport interferometry. This scheme can be used both as a generalized quantum scissors device that filters out Fock states with photon numbers higher than a predetermined value, and as a quantum punching device that selectively removes specific Fock states, making holes in the Fock-state expansion of the input field.

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We propose a realizable experimental scheme to prepare superposition of the vacuum and one-photon states by truncating an input coherent state. The scheme is based on the quantum scissors device proposed by Pegg, Phillips, and Barnett [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1604 (1998)] and uses photon-counting detectors, a single photon source, and linear optical elements. Realistic features of the photon counting and single-photon generation are taken into account and possible error sources are discussed together with their effect on the fidelity and efficiency of the truncation process. Wigner function and phase distribution of the generated states are given and discussed for the evaluation of the proposed scheme.We propose a realizable experimental scheme to prepare superposition of the vacuum and one-photon states by truncating an input coherent state. The scheme is based on the quantum scissors device proposed by Pegg, Phillips, and Barnett [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1604 (1998)] and uses photon-counting detectors, a single photon source, and linear optical elements. Realistic features of the photon counting and single-photon generation are taken into account and possible error sources are discussed together with their effect on the fidelity and efficiency of the truncation process. Wigner function and phase distribution of the generated states are given and discussed for the evaluation of the proposed scheme.

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A recent work [Pegg et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1604 (1998)] showed how to generate a running-wave superposition of zero- and one-photon field states, ${C}_{0}|0〉{+C}_{1}|1〉,$ by physical truncation of the photon number superposition making up a coherent state. Here we discuss the extension of this device to the case of N components: ${C}_{0}|0〉{+C}_{1}|1〉+\ensuremath{\cdot}\ensuremath{\cdot}\ensuremath{\cdot}{+C}_{N}|N〉.$A recent work [Pegg et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1604 (1998)] showed how to generate a running-wave superposition of zero- and one-photon field states, ${C}_{0}|0〉{+C}_{1}|1〉,$ by physical truncation of the photon number superposition making up a coherent state. Here we discuss the extension of this device to the case of N components: ${C}_{0}|0〉{+C}_{1}|1〉+\ensuremath{\cdot}\ensuremath{\cdot}\ensuremath{\cdot}{+C}_{N}|N〉.$

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A recent work [Pegg et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1604 (1998)] showed how to generate a running-wave superposition of zero- and one-photon field states,

{C}_{0}|0〉{+C}_{1}|1〉,

by physical truncation of the photon number superposition making up a coherent state. Here we discuss the extension of this device to the case of N components: ${C}_{0}|0〉{+C}_{1}|1〉+\ensuremath{\cdot}\ensuremath{\cdot}\ensuremath{\cdot}{+C}_{N}|N〉.$