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arXiv:quant-ph/0107048 · Physical Review A

Quantum-scissors device for optical state truncation: A proposal for practical realization

Şahin Kaya Özdemir, Adam Miranowicz, Masato Koashi, Nobuyuki Imoto

Published Nov 19, 2001• 98 citations
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Abstract

We propose a realizable experimental scheme to prepare superposition of the vacuum and one-photon states by truncating an input coherent state. The scheme is based on the quantum scissors device proposed by Pegg, Phillips, and Barnett [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1604 (1998)] and uses photon-counting detectors, a single photon source, and linear optical elements. Realistic features of the photon counting and single-photon generation are taken into account and possible error sources are discussed together with their effect on the fidelity and efficiency of the truncation process. Wigner function and phase distribution of the generated states are given and discussed for the evaluation of the proposed scheme.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.64.063818

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We propose a realizable experimental scheme to prepare superposition of the vacuum and one-photon states by truncating an input coherent state. The scheme is based on the quantum scissors device proposed by Pegg, Phillips, and Barnett [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1604 (1998)] and uses photon-counting detectors, a single photon source, and linear optical elements. Realistic features of the photon counting and single-photon generation are taken into account and possible error sources are discussed together with their effect on the fidelity and efficiency of the truncation process. Wigner function and phase distribution of the generated states are given and discussed for the evaluation of the proposed scheme.
We employ the quantum state of a single photon entangled with the vacuum (| GROUP ⟩ A | GROUP ⟩ B − | GROUP ⟩ A | GROUP ⟩ B ), generated by a photon incident upon a symmetric beam splitter, to teleport single-mode quantum states of light by means of the Bennett protocol. The teleportation of coherent states results in the truncation of their Fock expansion to the first two terms. We analyze the teleported ensembles by means of homodyne tomography and obtain fidelities of up to 99 per cent for low-source state amplitudes. This work is an experimental realization of the quantum scissors device proposed by Pegg, Phillips and Barnett ( Phys. Rev. Lett. , 81 (1998) 1604).
Based on a conditional interferometry proposed by Paris [Phys. Rev. A 62, 033813 (2000)], we prepare any chosen superposition of the vacuum, one-photon, and two-photon states, which is truncating from an input coherent state. Feeding two perfect single-photon states and a coherent state into the interferometry and employing two one-photon detections, the conditional state can be obtained in the signal port. Ideal and realistic features of the one-photon counting are taken into account together with the effect on the fidelity between the ideal state and the realistic case. The ideal state is just a particular case of the realistic state with the unit efficiency. We study the antibunching effect and Wigner function of the generated states. The results show that the generated states will exhibit their specular character.
Quantum scissors device of Pegg et al. (1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1604) enables truncation of the Fock-state expansion of an input optical field to qubit and qutrit (three-dimensional) states only. Here, a generalized scissors device is proposed using an eight-port optical interferometer. Upon post-selection based on photon counting results, the interferometer implements generation and teleportation of qudit (d-dimensional) states by truncation of an input field at the (d-1)th term of its Fock-state expansion up to d=6. Examples of selective truncations, which can be interpreted as a Fock-state filtering and hole burning in the Fock space of an input optical field, are discussed. Deterioration of the truncation due to imperfect photon counting is discussed including inefficiency, dark counts and realistic photon-number resolutions of photodetectors.