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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Observation of anomalous stimulated scattering of sound waves via ultra-slow light

Aihua Zhang, Vladimir A. Sautenkov, Yuri V. Rostovtsev, George R. Welch

Published Apr 4, 2005• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have experimentally demonstrated anomalous stimulated scattering of sound waves with optical waves of the same direction in a cell of Rb vapor. The optical wave is propagating under the conditions for ultra-slow group velocity. The phase-matching condition for the interaction of the waves is achieved when the group velocity of the probe field to approximately the speed of the sound wave.

DOI
10.1117/12.601717

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We have experimentally demonstrated anomalous stimulated scattering of sound waves with optical waves of the same direction in a cell of Rb vapor. The optical wave is propagating under the conditions for ultra-slow group velocity. The phase-matching condition for the interaction of the waves is achieved when the group velocity of the probe field to approximately the speed of the sound wave.
The possibility of forming a stable optical-acoustic soliton in the regime of electromagnetically induced transparency has been analyzed under the condition that the group velocity of light in a medium with stimulated Mandelstam-Brillouin scattering decreases to the speed of sound. This possibility exists because the forward Mandelstam-Brillouin scattering, which is forbidden in a nondispersive medium, is allowed under this condition. The optical component is an envelope pulse, and the acoustic component has no carrier frequency. It has been shown that such a soliton can be formed for anomalously low input intensities of the optical pulse.
Summary form only given. The propagation of light in a dispersive medium is characterized by the group velocity /spl nu//sub g/=c(n+/spl nu//sup dn//d/spl nu/)/sup .1/ where n is the refractive index and /spl nu/ the optical frequency. Depending on the sign and magnitude of /sup dn//d/spl nu/ in the medium, the group velocity can be positive, infinite or negative. The group velocity corresponds to the speed of the propagation of the maximum of an optical pulse travelling into the medium. This remains true whether the dispersion in the medium is normal (/sup dn//d/spl nu/>0) or anomalous (/sup dn//d/spl nu/<0). It has been demonstrated that coherently prepared atomic systems can exhibit steep dispersion leading to small absolute values of the group velocity (slow light). In recent work, we have demonstrated that narrow resonances arising from the coherent interaction of two optical fields with a closed atomic transition between two degenerate levels may correspond to a steep anomalous dispersion and thus to slow and negative group velocity. We report on the experimental study of the propagation of an amplitude modulated wave in a medium presenting negative group velocity.
The talk consists of two parts. In the first, we have demonstrated enhancement of nonlinear signals and suggested a new approach that extends Raman spectroscopy to media which has a high level of scattering. The stimulated Raman scattering has an advantage of relaxing phase-matching condition which is difficult or even impossible to meet under condition of strong scattering. The second topic is related to enhanced optico-mechanical coupling that occurs when the group velocity of light is ultra-slow. We show theoretically that, due to dragging of the light by the mechanical motion of the medium, it is possible to control phase-matching condition.
Summary form only given. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been the subject of many experimental and theoretical studies over recent years. Most recently, substantial experimental and theoretical work in this area has been focused on the use of EIT to give ultraslow group velocities for light in both ultracold atomic gas and hot atomic vapors. Much of this interest is based on the fact that slowing the group velocity of a laser pulse down to the speed of sound in the same material can produce strong coupling between acoustic waves and the electromagnetic field. It has been suggested that a giant nonlinearity obtained by this method might be utilized for efficient multi-wave mixing and quantum nondemolition measurements. Slow light might also allow a very efficient nonlinear interaction between laser pulses of extremely low (down to a single photon) energies. Here, we report the first direct observation of an ultraslow group velocity of light down to 45 m/s in a solid, well below the speed of sound in the medium. This group velocity is fundamentally limited only by the inhomogeneous broadening of the ground state transition. At low coupling beam intensities, the fraction of centers that are pumped into the "dark state" increases with coupling laser power, so that the observed group delay is increasing with coupling beam intensity. At higher intensities, power broadening reduces the sharpness of the dispersive feature and the observed group delay decreases.