Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Superradiant emission of Cu I lines in pulse vaporization of pulverized copper oxides

A. M. Shukhtin, G. A. Fedotov, V. G. Mishakov

Published Jul 31, 1978• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Superradiance was observed at the wavelengths of the green and yellow lines of copper when pairs of current pulses were passed through a Cu 2 O or CuO dust cloud. Stimulated emission was observed as a result of the second pulse for certain time intervals between the pulses. The results were in agreement with interference measurements of the concentration of the copper atoms in the unexcited and metastable states.

DOI
10.1070/qe1978v008n07abeh010479

Related papers

Spectral composition of stimulated radiation from a pulsed copper vapor laser

Anatoly A. Isaev

An investigation was made of the spectral composition of the spontaneous radiation, superradiance, and laser radiation emitted by a pulsed copper vapor laser. The time resolution was about 3 nsec. It was found that the observed spectral structure of the laser radiation and superradiance was governed by the hyperfine and isotopic splitting of the active levels of the copper atom. In the absence of saturation of the active medium a narrowing of the spectral line profiles was observed during a superradiance pulse. When saturation was achieved for superradiance and lasing, the line profiles broadened to the width of the spontaneous emission line during a radiation pulse. It was found that the temperature of the gas in the copper vapor laser did not exceed 2500°K.

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Mar 31, 1980•25 citations

Multiple pulsing in the high-gain copper-vapor laser

Jin J. Kim, Kiegon Im

Since Karras et al. published a paper on the observation of optical cooperative emissions from copper vapor,1 no other convincing experimental evidence has been reported on this puzzling phenomenon. We reported an observation of a similar behavior of the stimulated emission from the copper-vapor laser in the context of Dicke superradiance.2 Subsequently we have carried out a detailed experimental investigation on this pulsing phenomenon in a transverse-discharge copper-vapor laser system. By means of a precision spectral analysis we can identify two principal mechanisms which are responsible for the multiple-pulsing phenomenon in a high-gain condition: (1) the superimposition of a few pulses corresponding to different regions of the spectrum of the laser line, and (2) superradiant ringing due to the coherent collective effect. The conditions in which one or the other of the two mechanisms is manifested are subtle and are not completely understood as yet. But the characteristics of the optical pulses resulting from each mechanism are quite distinct. We describe the difference between the two mechanisms and present the experimental results that exhibit an interesting spectral behavior of the laser pulses in each case.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1986•0 citations

Oscillatory emission from the Cu-vapor laser

Jagdish Rai, Kiegon Im, J. J. Kim

Our experimental studies of the optical emission from the Cu-vapor laser indicate a breakup of laser pulse into oscillatory structures in certain conditions. We believe this phenomenon is similar to the optical ringing reported earlier.1 We attribute this breakup of the pulse to cooperative effects involved in emission from the Cu-vapor laser.2 This effect is further enhanced by propagation through the system. We earlier explained the high gain of Cu-vapor due to radiation trapping and Rabi oscillation between the 2P and 2S states.3 This analysis further shows that a large percentage of Cu atoms in the lasing medium are in the excited state (2P) most of the time. Therefore, there is a very low probability for total depletion of this level. This implies that the phenomena like gain switching and relaxation oscillation may not play a significant role in the breakup of the laser pulse. The oscillatory structures for both the 510.6-nm and 578.2-nm lines were strongly dependent on the changes in operating temperature. We observed the breakup of the pulse mainly around the temperature of 1600°C.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1985•0 citations

Stimulated emission in optically pumped atomic-copper vapor

Jin Joong Kim, Nackchin Sung

We have observed, for the first time to our knowledge, stimulated emission in atomic-copper vapor that is excited by a resonant tunable laser beam. One of the important and interesting results obtained in this experiment is that excitation of the (2)P(1/2) level of the copper atoms generates strong amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) for both(2)P(1/2)-(2)D(3/2) and (2)P(3/2)-(2)D(5/2) transitions. This is the first reported direct experimental evidence observed for collisional mixing between the (2)P(1/2) and (2)P(3/2) levels in a copper-vapor laser. Excitation of the (2)P(3/2) level induces substantially weaker ASE for the (2)P(1/2)-(2)D(3/2) transition. In addition, we observed collision-induced ASE for both transitions over a wide range of detuning of the pump frequency. The preliminary results of the experiment are presented, and the implications of the results for high-pressure copper-vapor lasers are discussed.

Optics Letters•Nov 1, 1987•6 citations

Stimulated emission on copper I and gold I at room temperature

N. D. Perry, R. C. Tobin

Stimulated emission has been observed on the copper 510.6-, 570.0-, and 578.2-nm, and the gold 627.8-nm transitions at room temperature. Separate discharges are used to produce the metal vapor by sputtering in the presence of a supersonic gas flow, and to excite the metal atoms.

Applied Physics Letters•Oct 1, 1984•5 citations

Collisional excitation transfer in optically pumped atomic copper vapor

Nackchin Sung, Jin J. Kim

Recently we reported the observation of stimulated emission in atomic copper vapor that is excited by a resonant tunable laser beam.1 One important result obtained in the experiment is that the two upper levels involved in the laser transitions of the atomic copper vapor are collisionally mixed in stimulated emission. This observation is particularly important for studies of high-pressure transverse-discharge copper vapor lasers. We conducted an optical pumping experiment to measure the collisional mixing cross sections (CMCSs) below the threshold of stimulated emission. We observed all four transitions: 2P1/2−2S1/2 (327.4 nm); 2P3/2−2S1/2 (324.8 nm); 2P1/2−2D3/2 (578.2 nm); and 2P3/2−2D5/2 (510.6 nm), when either one of the two levels 2P3/2,1/2 was excited. From the measurements of the intensities of the resonantly excited and sensitized fluorescences, we estimate the CMCSs Q34(2P1/2→2P3/2) and Q43(2P1/2←2P3/2) at 2 × 10−16 and 1.3 × 10-16 cm2 for Cu + Ne collisions, respectively. We also measured the linewidths of the optically pumped green and yellow lasers as a function of the buffer gas pressure and of detuning of the pump frequency. We observe that the linewidths change in an interesting way, which can be explained in terms of the gain narrowing.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1988•0 citations
Superradiance was observed at the wavelengths of the green and yellow lines of copper when pairs of current pulses were passed through a Cu 2 O or CuO dust cloud. Stimulated emission was observed as a result of the second pulse for certain time intervals between the pulses. The results were in agreement with interference measurements of the concentration of the copper atoms in the unexcited and metastable states.
An investigation was made of the spectral composition of the spontaneous radiation, superradiance, and laser radiation emitted by a pulsed copper vapor laser. The time resolution was about 3 nsec. It was found that the observed spectral structure of the laser radiation and superradiance was governed by the hyperfine and isotopic splitting of the active levels of the copper atom. In the absence of saturation of the active medium a narrowing of the spectral line profiles was observed during a superradiance pulse. When saturation was achieved for superradiance and lasing, the line profiles broadened to the width of the spontaneous emission line during a radiation pulse. It was found that the temperature of the gas in the copper vapor laser did not exceed 2500°K.
Since Karras et al. published a paper on the observation of optical cooperative emissions from copper vapor,1 no other convincing experimental evidence has been reported on this puzzling phenomenon. We reported an observation of a similar behavior of the stimulated emission from the copper-vapor laser in the context of Dicke superradiance.2 Subsequently we have carried out a detailed experimental investigation on this pulsing phenomenon in a transverse-discharge copper-vapor laser system. By means of a precision spectral analysis we can identify two principal mechanisms which are responsible for the multiple-pulsing phenomenon in a high-gain condition: (1) the superimposition of a few pulses corresponding to different regions of the spectrum of the laser line, and (2) superradiant ringing due to the coherent collective effect. The conditions in which one or the other of the two mechanisms is manifested are subtle and are not completely understood as yet. But the characteristics of the optical pulses resulting from each mechanism are quite distinct. We describe the difference between the two mechanisms and present the experimental results that exhibit an interesting spectral behavior of the laser pulses in each case.
Our experimental studies of the optical emission from the Cu-vapor laser indicate a breakup of laser pulse into oscillatory structures in certain conditions. We believe this phenomenon is similar to the optical ringing reported earlier.1 We attribute this breakup of the pulse to cooperative effects involved in emission from the Cu-vapor laser.2 This effect is further enhanced by propagation through the system. We earlier explained the high gain of Cu-vapor due to radiation trapping and Rabi oscillation between the 2P and 2S states.3 This analysis further shows that a large percentage of Cu atoms in the lasing medium are in the excited state (2P) most of the time. Therefore, there is a very low probability for total depletion of this level. This implies that the phenomena like gain switching and relaxation oscillation may not play a significant role in the breakup of the laser pulse. The oscillatory structures for both the 510.6-nm and 578.2-nm lines were strongly dependent on the changes in operating temperature. We observed the breakup of the pulse mainly around the temperature of 1600°C.
We have observed, for the first time to our knowledge, stimulated emission in atomic-copper vapor that is excited by a resonant tunable laser beam. One of the important and interesting results obtained in this experiment is that excitation of the (2)P(1/2) level of the copper atoms generates strong amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) for both(2)P(1/2)-(2)D(3/2) and (2)P(3/2)-(2)D(5/2) transitions. This is the first reported direct experimental evidence observed for collisional mixing between the (2)P(1/2) and (2)P(3/2) levels in a copper-vapor laser. Excitation of the (2)P(3/2) level induces substantially weaker ASE for the (2)P(1/2)-(2)D(3/2) transition. In addition, we observed collision-induced ASE for both transitions over a wide range of detuning of the pump frequency. The preliminary results of the experiment are presented, and the implications of the results for high-pressure copper-vapor lasers are discussed.
Recently we reported the observation of stimulated emission in atomic copper vapor that is excited by a resonant tunable laser beam.1 One important result obtained in the experiment is that the two upper levels involved in the laser transitions of the atomic copper vapor are collisionally mixed in stimulated emission. This observation is particularly important for studies of high-pressure transverse-discharge copper vapor lasers. We conducted an optical pumping experiment to measure the collisional mixing cross sections (CMCSs) below the threshold of stimulated emission. We observed all four transitions: 2P1/2−2S1/2 (327.4 nm); 2P3/2−2S1/2 (324.8 nm); 2P1/2−2D3/2 (578.2 nm); and 2P3/2−2D5/2 (510.6 nm), when either one of the two levels 2P3/2,1/2 was excited. From the measurements of the intensities of the resonantly excited and sensitized fluorescences, we estimate the CMCSs Q34(2P1/2→2P3/2) and Q43(2P1/2←2P3/2) at 2 × 10−16 and 1.3 × 10-16 cm2 for Cu + Ne collisions, respectively. We also measured the linewidths of the optically pumped green and yellow lasers as a function of the buffer gas pressure and of detuning of the pump frequency. We observe that the linewidths change in an interesting way, which can be explained in terms of the gain narrowing.