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physica status solidi (a)

Time-resolved measurement of excited-state populations in atomic systems

Markus Pollnau, ERNST HEUMANN, Günter Huber

Published Apr 16, 1992• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1002/pssa.2211300232

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In this Letter, we report on the time- and space-resolved measurement of subradiant excited state population in an ultra-cold atomic cloud of 174 Yb atoms. We use a depletion imaging technique that exploits the Λ-type internal energy structure to directly observe the time-resolved spatial distribution of excited state population. We characterize the decay dynamics of the subradiant modes using both the excited state population and scattered light intensity, finding good quantitative agreement with numerical predictions.
In this letter, we report on the time- and space-resolved measurement of subradiant excited state population in an ultra-cold atomic cloud of 174Yb atoms. We use a depletion imaging technique that exploits the V-type internal energy structure of alkaline-earth-like atoms to directly observe the time-resolved spatial distribution of excited state population. We characterize the decay dynamics of the subradiant modes using both the excited state population and scattered light intensity, finding good quantitative agreement with numerical predictions from simulations of two-level atomic ensembles.
A two-level system coupled by a coherent field is a ubiquitous system in atomic and molecular physics. In the rotating wave approximation, the light-dressed states are well described by a simple 2x2 Hamiltonian which can be easily solved analytically and is thus used in quantum mechanics education and as a basis for intuition for more complicated systems. The solution to the Hamiltonian is an avoided crossing between the light-dressed ground and excited states. In experiments, the avoided crossing is probed spectroscopically, meaning only the energies, or eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian, are measured. Here, we present a measurement of the avoided crossing which also resolves population, thus indicating the amplitude coefficients of the eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian. We perform the measurement in Rydberg states of cold rubidium atoms, resolving the energies spectroscopically with our pump lasers and the populations of each state using selective field ionization.