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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Electric Manipulation of Spinless Neutral Atoms on a Surface

Hidetoshi Katori, Tomoya Akatsuka

Published Jan 13, 2004• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a surface manipulation scheme for "scalar atoms" with time-varying inhomogeneous electric fields. While the weak interaction of scalar atoms with external perturbations minimize environmental decoherences, micron-order electrodes enable the control of the ultracold atoms with the application of only a few volts, i.e., commonly used logic voltage level, which promises good compatibility with existing electronics for future applications. The experimental feasibility of this surface Stark trap is discussed by performing numerical simulations assuming laser-cooled strontium atoms in the 1 S 0 ground state.

DOI
10.1143/jjap.43.358

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We propose a surface manipulation scheme for "scalar atoms" with time-varying inhomogeneous electric fields. While the weak interaction of scalar atoms with external perturbations minimize environmental decoherences, micron-order electrodes enable the control of the ultracold atoms with the application of only a few volts, i.e., commonly used logic voltage level, which promises good compatibility with existing electronics for future applications. The experimental feasibility of this surface Stark trap is discussed by performing numerical simulations assuming laser-cooled strontium atoms in the 1 S 0 ground state.
Ultracold neutral atoms have emerged as a promising platform for scalable quantum computation. Universal single-qubit control requires high quality state preparation, spatially resolved manipulation, and projective readout of each qubit. For state preparation and readout, neutral atom platforms can apply techniques commonly used in quantum gas microscopes and single atom trapping machines. Furthermore, the ability to isolate the internal spin states of individual neutral atoms from both external fields and neighboring atoms allows for seconds-scale coherence times. Here, we will present progress on the coherent, site-resolved control of an array of atomic qubits comprised of neutral strontium atoms.
Rydberg atoms possess strong electric dipole transitions and tunable energy levels, making them promising candidates for microwave to optical conversion on integrated superconducting atom chips. Achieving strong coupling of the atoms to e.g. the microwave field of an on-chip resonator requires placing the atoms within tens of micrometers from the chip surface. However, inhomogeneous stray electric fields originating from the surface can induce position-dependent Stark forces, resulting in atomic motion and leading to time-dependent shifts of the Rydberg energy levels. We experimentally investigate these effects using time-of-flight and spectroscopic techniques, observing substantial level shifts and signal loss attributable to field-induced atomic motion. A theoretical model incorporating an exponentially decaying surface field with a superimposed bias accurately reproduces the observed dynamics. To mitigate the level shift, we introduce a Stark echo sequence that dynamically reverses the force. This approach suppresses the atomic motion and maintains the atomic resonance. The method relies solely on global field control and is compatible with atom-resonator coupling architectures, providing a robust strategy for preserving coherence of Rydberg atoms in inhomogeneous electric fields near surfaces.