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Physical Review A

Increase of the fractional delay of the pulse in an electromagnetically-induced-transparency medium

R. N. Shakhmuratov, J. Odeurs

Published Dec 4, 2008• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a nonadiabatic change of the control-field amplitude to restore the temporal shape of a signal pulse, which usually experiences an appreciable temporal broadening in a conventional regime of electromagnetically-induced-transparency. This broadening sets a major limit on the maximum time delay achievable in a slow-light medium. A circumvention of this limit may be useful for the application of a slow-light medium as a practical, controllable delay line.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.78.063810

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We propose a nonadiabatic change of the control-field amplitude to restore the temporal shape of a signal pulse, which usually experiences an appreciable temporal broadening in a conventional regime of electromagnetically-induced-transparency. This broadening sets a major limit on the maximum time delay achievable in a slow-light medium. A circumvention of this limit may be useful for the application of a slow-light medium as a practical, controllable delay line.
We analytically study the linear propagation of arbitrarily shaped light pulses through an absorbing medium with a narrow transparency window or through a resonant amplifying medium. We point out that, under certain general conditions, the pulse acquires a nearly Gaussian shape, irrespective of its initial shape and of the spectral profile of the line. We explicitly derive in this case the pulse parameters, including its skewness, responsible for a deviation of the delay of the pulse maximum from the group delay. We illustrate our general results by analyzing the slow-light experiments having demonstrated the largest fractional pulse delays.
We consider the question of whether there are any fundamental limits to the maximum time delay that can be achieved for a pulse propagating through a slow-light medium. We include in our analysis what we consider to be the dominant competing effects, and we show that in principle they do not lead to a limitation on the maximum achievable time delay. From this result we conclude that, through optimization, one should be able to delay a pulse by very many pulse lengths; the ability to do so can have important implications for the use of slow-light methods for applications in photonics.
We study analytically pulse distortion in linear slow light systems, and provide some useful limits on these devices. Additionally, we also show that the contributions of phase and amplitude broadening can be de-coupled and quantified. It is observed that phase broadening is generally smaller than amplitude broadening in conventional slow light media (lorentzian gain profile) except for very large fractional delays, where it becomes larger. Upon these expressions, we may envisage new strategies to minimize the distortion in the delaying of pulses, depending on the specific application and the required fractional delay. To overcome the residual distortion, we show that nonlinear systems can lead to a resharpening of the pulses and a re-generation of the filtered frequencies.