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arXiv:quant-ph/0703250 · Physical Review A

Instantaneous processing of “slow light”: Amplitude-duration control, storage, and splitting

R. N. Shakhmuratov, А. А. Калачев, J. Odeurs

Published Sep 12, 2007• 7 citations
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Abstract

A nonadiabatic change of the control field or the low-frequency coherence allows for an almost instantaneous change of the signal field propagating in a thick resonant absorber where electromagnetically induced transparency is realized. This finding is applied for the storage, retrieval, and splitting of the signal into two parts separated by a time interval that is as long as the lifetime of the low-frequency coherence. Pulse shaping is also possible.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.76.031802

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A nonadiabatic change of the control field or the low-frequency coherence allows for an almost instantaneous change of the signal field propagating in a thick resonant absorber where electromagnetically induced transparency is realized. This finding is applied for the storage, retrieval, and splitting of the signal into two parts separated by a time interval that is as long as the lifetime of the low-frequency coherence. Pulse shaping is also possible.
A simple analytical solution for the propagation of a weak Gaussian pulse in a dense absorptive medium with electromagnetically induced transparency is found. This solution is applied to the analysis of three regimes: (1) and (2) the pulse spectrum is narrower than the transparency window [which is narrow (1) or wide (2) with respect to the width of the absorption line] and (3) the pulse spectrum is broader than the transparency window. It is shown that the pulse maintains its area in all three regimes and maintains its Gaussian shape but narrows in spectrum in regime 1. In regime 2, the pulse begins to distort after a certain distance. In regime 3, the pulse is split into two parts. One part is an adiabatic part with a spectrum defined by the effective width of the transparency window for a thick medium and the other is an oscillating nonadiabatic part of short duration. The adiabatic part propagates slowly and the nonadiabatic part propagates with a velocity close to the speed of light. Thus in regime 3, the medium acts as a time-frequency filter, separating the narrow and wide spectrum components of the pulse in time at the output of the absorber.
Slow light, produced in a medium with two widely spaced absorption resonances, is analytically studied. We show that a pulse with frequency tuned in the middle of such a doublet structure slows down due to its energy storage in the excited atomic states. If the lifetime of the atomic excitation is much longer than the pulse duration, the pulse shape is nicely reproduced at the output of a thick sample for pulses with smooth envelopes. Pulses with sharp edges are fairly reproduced at the output. Each abrupt change of the pulse amplitude is followed by transients, which are delayed together with the pulse. A possibility to slow down a single photon is also considered.
We demonstrate a coherent and dynamic beam splitter based on light storage in cold atoms. An input weak laser pulse is first stored in a cold atom ensemble via electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT). A set of counter-propagating control fields, applied at a later time, retrieves the stored pulse into two output spatial modes. The high visibility interference between the two output pulses clearly demonstrates that the beam splitting process is coherent. Furthermore, by manipulating the control lasers, it is possible to dynamically control the storage time, the power splitting ratio, the relative phase, and the optical frequencies of the output pulses. With further improvements, the active beam splitter demonstrated in this work might have applications in photonic photonic quantum information and in all-optical information processing.