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Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A

Stark-Effekt-Untersuchung der Hyperfeinstruktur des 3 2P3/2-Zustands von Natrium mit der Level-crossing-Methode / Stark-Effect Investigation of the Hyperfine Structure of the 3 2P3/2-State of Sodium by Level-Crossing-Method

D. Zimmermann

Published Feb 1, 1970• 5 citations

Abstract

Abstract The level-crossing-method has been used for an investigation of the hyperfine structure of the first excited 3 2P3/2-state of sodium applying an additional electric field parallel to the usual mag. netic field. By means of a detailed analysis of the measured change in intensity of the scattered fluorescence light due to the electric field the constant β of the quadratic Stark-effect of the 3 2P3/2-state of sodium was deduced to be β= (10.8± 1.2) kc/s·(kV/cm)2. The experimental result will be discussed with respect to a determination of upper and lower limits for oscillator strengths of transitions between the 3 2P3/2-state and S-states in the sodium spectrum.

DOI: 10.1515/zna-1970-0208

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Physical Review Letters•Apr 5, 1976•112 citations

Abstract The level-crossing-method has been used for an investigation of the hyperfine structure of the first excited 3 2P3/2-state of sodium applying an additional electric field parallel to the usual mag. netic field. By means of a detailed analysis of the measured change in intensity of the scattered fluorescence light due to the electric field the constant β of the quadratic Stark-effect of the 3 2P3/2-state of sodium was deduced to be β= (10.8± 1.2) kc/s·(kV/cm)2. The experimental result will be discussed with respect to a determination of upper and lower limits for oscillator strengths of transitions between the 3 2P3/2-state and S-states in the sodium spectrum.

Abstract Using separated isotopes the hyperfine structure of the 5p 2P3/2-state in Ag I-spectrum was investigated by scattering the resonance line on an atomic beam in parallel magnetic and electric fields. With the theoretical positive sign of the Stark-constant β, the shift of the Heydenburg- and level-crossing-signals with electric fields can be explained by the following parameters: Ag (107) : A = - (32,4 ± 0.5) Mc/sec , Ag (109): A - - (37,3 ± 0.8) Mc/sec , β (2P3/2) = (5.15 ± 0.15) (kc/sec) (kV/cm) -2 , τ (2p3/2) = (6.3 ± 0.6 ) · 10-9 sec.

Observing the change of the Hanle effect under the influence of a homogeneous electric field E the Stark effect of the (5p1/25d5/2)j=2-state in Sn I was studied. Due to the tensorial part β Jz 2E2 in the Hamiltonian of the second order Stark effect the signal of the zero field crossing (M ∓ 2, M′ = 0 β ≷ 0 ) is shifted to the magnetic field H with gJμBH=2 | β | E2. From these shifts for different electric field strengths the value of the Stark parameter |β| = 0.21(2) MHz/(kV/cm)2 · gJ/1.13 was deduced. A theoretical value of ß using Coulomb wave functions is discussed.

The linewidth in level-crossing experiments as normally carried out is the sum of the natural widths of the levels concerned. We have reduced the linewidth by taking the fluorescent light, not from all atoms in the assembly, but from a sample biased in favour of those which have survived as excited atoms for times longer than the average. This was achieved by pulse techniques. Improved resolution was obtained of the components on the wing of the zero-field level-crossing curve for the level 3 2P3/2 in 23Na. The values obtained for the hyperfine-coupling constants are a = 185 ± 040 MHz, b = 30 ± 06 MHz, in agreement with values found in double-resonance experiments. The present values do not represent the limit of the method, since the experiment was designed to investigate the technique, not to make precision measurements. A theoretical analysis of the method reveals that level-crossing curves obtained by this technique may, in certain circumstances, have undesirable satellites. It is shown how the line profile may be controlled and improved without too great a sacrifice in statistical accuracy.

We present results of an experimental survey of the

n=15

state of Na in electric fields from 0 to 4 kV/cm. Both linear and higher-order Stark effects play important roles. States with low

|m|

show marked differences from hydrogenic behavior, particularly in the vicinity of level crossings. Computed values for the energy levels are in good agreement with the data. The experimental method provides a simple technique for populating selected Stark or angular momentum levels of a Rydberg state.