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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Theoretical model of ultranarrow-bandwidth Faraday-Zeeman optical filter at 780 nm

Yufeng Peng, Yuanming Ji

Published Sep 30, 1996• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Natural rubidium is a mixture of the two isotopes, 85Rb and 87Rb. Taking into account their hyperfine structure, and using a quantum-mechanical treatment of the resonant Faraday effect, we calculate the transmission, central frequency shift and pass bandwidth of Rb 780 nm Faraday- Zeeman optical filter, as functions of magnetic field strength and atomic cell temperature.

DOI
10.1117/12.253287

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•Jan 1, 2012•87 citations
Natural rubidium is a mixture of the two isotopes, 85Rb and 87Rb. Taking into account their hyperfine structure, and using a quantum-mechanical treatment of the resonant Faraday effect, we calculate the transmission, central frequency shift and pass bandwidth of Rb 780 nm Faraday- Zeeman optical filter, as functions of magnetic field strength and atomic cell temperature.
In this paper, the transmission characteristics of rubidium excited state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filters at 532nm for a practical and important wavelength are analyzed and discussed. A weak magnetic field method is employed to calculate the transmission characteristics versus external magnetic field, laser pump power, cell temperature and cell length for natural Rb, 85Rb and 87Rb atomic vapors, respectively. The theoretical results show that the transmission property of 85Rb atomic vapor is superior to that of Rb, 87Rb atomic vapors in the weak magnetic field, which makes it more suitable for the magneto-optic filtering material of Faraday optical filters by comparison with natural Rb atomic vapor.
We demonstrate a Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) operating on 5S(1/2)-6P(3/2) transition at 420 nm with a 5 cm long cell of 96.5% enriched 87Rb and measure the transmission as a function of the magnetic field and temperature. The isotope 87Rb FADOF achieves a peak transmission of 98% with a bandwidth of 2.5 GHz when the temperature of the isotope 87Rb cell is 280°C and the magnetic field is 500 G. The corresponding equivalent noise bandwidth is 5.9 GHz. The isotope 87Rb FADOF is applied to submarine communications, is used as the laser frequency stabilization for some atomic lines, and is also used as the pump laser in four-level Rb active optical clock.
We present a theoretical and experimental study of the ultra-narrow bandwidth Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) operating at the rubidium D1 line (795 nm). This atomic line gives better performance than other lines for the main FADOF figures of merit, e.g. simultaneously 71 % transmission, 445MHz bandwidth and 1.2GHz equivalent noise bandwidth. c © 2013 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 020.1335, 010.3640 Ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filters are key el-ements in laser remote sensing (LIDAR), observa-tional astronomy, free-space communications and quan-tum optics. Relative to conventional interference fil-ters, FADOFs offer high background-rejection, mechani-cal robustness, imaging capability and high transmission. FADOFs have been developed for several alkali atom res-onances – Cs D2 [1] and 6S1/2 → 7P3/2 [2] lines, Rb D2 line [3, 4], K (three lines) [5], Na D lines [6], and for Ca [7]. We demonstrate a FADOF on the D1 line of Rb (wave-length 795 nm). This line, efficiently detected with Si detectors, accessible with a variety of laser technolo-gies, and with large hyperfine splittings, is a favorite for coherent and quantum optics with warm atomic va-pors. Applications include electromagnetically-induced transparency [8], stopped light [9], optical magnetom-etry [10, 11], laser oscillators [12], polarization squeez-ing [13, 14], quantum memory [15] and high-coherence heralded single photons [16,17]. Here we show that the Rb D1 line provides supe-rior FADOF performance. We demonstrate a FADOF surpassing other atoms and other Rb transitions for key figures of merit, including peak transmission Tmax, transmission bandwidth and equivalent noise bandwidth ENBW = T−1max T (ν)dν, where T (ν) is the filter trans-mission versus frequency ν [4].