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Optics Letters

Isotope ^87Rb Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter at 420 nm

Ling Li, Gang Bi

Published May 28, 2014• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate a Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) operating on 5S(1/2)-6P(3/2) transition at 420 nm with a 5 cm long cell of 96.5% enriched 87Rb and measure the transmission as a function of the magnetic field and temperature. The isotope 87Rb FADOF achieves a peak transmission of 98% with a bandwidth of 2.5 GHz when the temperature of the isotope 87Rb cell is 280°C and the magnetic field is 500 G. The corresponding equivalent noise bandwidth is 5.9 GHz. The isotope 87Rb FADOF is applied to submarine communications, is used as the laser frequency stabilization for some atomic lines, and is also used as the pump laser in four-level Rb active optical clock.

DOI
10.1364/ol.39.003324

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We demonstrate a Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) operating on 5S(1/2)-6P(3/2) transition at 420 nm with a 5 cm long cell of 96.5% enriched 87Rb and measure the transmission as a function of the magnetic field and temperature. The isotope 87Rb FADOF achieves a peak transmission of 98% with a bandwidth of 2.5 GHz when the temperature of the isotope 87Rb cell is 280°C and the magnetic field is 500 G. The corresponding equivalent noise bandwidth is 5.9 GHz. The isotope 87Rb FADOF is applied to submarine communications, is used as the laser frequency stabilization for some atomic lines, and is also used as the pump laser in four-level Rb active optical clock.
Using laser cooling technology, we demonstrate an ultranarrow-bandwidth Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) which operates on the52S1/25^{2}\text{S}_{1/2}52S1/2​(F=2F = 2F=2) to62P3/26^{2}\text{P}_{3/2}62P3/2​(F′=3F' = 3F′=3) transition at 420 nm based on cold 87Rb atoms. The filter achieves a single 2.7(2) MHz passband at a peak transmission of 3.2%. It is the narrowest bandwidth FADOF known at present, as the influence of Doppler broadening on the bandwidth narrowing of FADOF is effectively overcome by cold atoms. This ultranarrow-bandwidth FADOF has a figure of merit (FOM) value of 11.85 GHz−1, which is seven times larger than the largest FOM achieved by thermal vapor atomic optical filter published to date. Furthermore, the scheme can be extended to almost all kinds of atomic optical filters and may find applications in active Faraday optical frequency standard and self-stabilizing laser.
To obtain the weak signal light detection from the high background noise,a study on ultra-narrow bandwidth Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter(FADOF) at the 87Rb D1 line,5S1/2F=2→5P1/2 F′=1transmission(795 nm) is demonstrated experimentally.A sample cell filled with Rubidium atoms in which the proportion of 87Rb is greater than that of the nature rubidium is placed in a homogeneous magnetic field between two crossed Glan-Thompson polarizers.The incident probe light goes through the sample cell,and interacts with the atoms.Because of the Faraday rotation,the function of the filter can be realized.When the experiment condition changed,the result of transmission spectrum changed accordingly.With the temperature rising from 340 K to 360 K,the variation of the transmission spectrum is recorded particularly.And the reason for the variation is analyzed carefully.At a proper temperature and magnetic field,a transmission spectrum narrowed to ~220 MHz is obtained,and the peak transmission is about 48%.The performance of the87Rb D1 line is better than that of the 85Rb.
We demonstrate an extended cavity Faraday laser system using an antireflection-coated laser diode as the gain medium and the isotope (87)Rb Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) as the frequency selective device. Using this method, the laser wavelength works stably at the highest transmission peak of the isotope (87)Rb FADOF over the laser diode current from 55 to 140 mA and the temperature from 15°C to 35°C. Neither the current nor the temperature of the laser diode has significant influence on the output frequency. Compared with previous extended cavity laser systems operating at frequencies irrelevant to spectacular atomic transition lines, the laser system realized here provides a stable laser source with the frequency operating on atomic transitions for many practical applications.
We present a theoretical and experimental study of the ultra-narrow bandwidth Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) operating at the rubidium D1 line (795 nm). This atomic line gives better performance than other lines for the main FADOF figures of merit, e.g. simultaneously 71 % transmission, 445MHz bandwidth and 1.2GHz equivalent noise bandwidth. c © 2013 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 020.1335, 010.3640 Ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filters are key el-ements in laser remote sensing (LIDAR), observa-tional astronomy, free-space communications and quan-tum optics. Relative to conventional interference fil-ters, FADOFs offer high background-rejection, mechani-cal robustness, imaging capability and high transmission. FADOFs have been developed for several alkali atom res-onances – Cs D2 [1] and 6S1/2 → 7P3/2 [2] lines, Rb D2 line [3, 4], K (three lines) [5], Na D lines [6], and for Ca [7]. We demonstrate a FADOF on the D1 line of Rb (wave-length 795 nm). This line, efficiently detected with Si detectors, accessible with a variety of laser technolo-gies, and with large hyperfine splittings, is a favorite for coherent and quantum optics with warm atomic va-pors. Applications include electromagnetically-induced transparency [8], stopped light [9], optical magnetom-etry [10, 11], laser oscillators [12], polarization squeez-ing [13, 14], quantum memory [15] and high-coherence heralded single photons [16,17]. Here we show that the Rb D1 line provides supe-rior FADOF performance. We demonstrate a FADOF surpassing other atoms and other Rb transitions for key figures of merit, including peak transmission Tmax, transmission bandwidth and equivalent noise bandwidth ENBW = T−1max T (ν)dν, where T (ν) is the filter trans-mission versus frequency ν [4].
A 459 nm Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) working at the side wings of the cesium 6S1/2→7P1/2 transition with weak oscillator strength is achieved. The transmittance of the higher side wing reaches 98% at a temperature of 179°C and magnetic field above 323 G. The experimental results coincide with the theoretical predictions in 1982 and 1995, which were not realized in experiments for over three decades. Due to its high transmittance, high accuracy, and narrow linewidth, the 459 nm FADOF can be applied in underwater optical communications, the building of active optical clocks, and laser frequency stabilization in active optical clocks.
We demonstrate a Cs FADOF (Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter) with a single transmission peak resonant with the 6S(1/2), F = 4 → 7P(3/2), F' = 3, 4, 5 transition at 455 nm. The filter achieves a single peak transmission of 86%. With the technique of saturated absorption spectra, we obtain the bandwidth of the single peak, which is 1.5 GHz. While most of other FADOFs operate at frequencies far from absorption, the filter we have realized can provide light exactly resonant with atomic transitions with a high transmission. We also find that, at a particular temperature, we can achieve a single transmission peak rather than many peaks far from absorption by changing the strength of magnetic field. This technique can also be applied to other alkali atoms.