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Applied Physics Letters

Actively induced transmission via a quadratic nonlinear optical interaction in a potassium titanyl phosphate microcavity

Crina M. Cojocaru, Ramon A. Vilaseca, Jordi Martorell, Joan Josep Carvajal, Jaume Massons, Francesc Dı́az

Published Dec 31, 2001• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report an actively induced change in the transmission of a light pulse passing through a microcavity filled with a 40 μm thick nonlinear potassium titanyl phosphate crystal. This change was induced by an intense pulse at the frequency of the second harmonic of the original pulse. The magnitude of the change was measured to be 20%. The observed changes in transmission are shown to be in very good agreement with the numerical results from a model that considers the intrinsically fast second-order nonlinear interaction between both pulses within the nonlinear microcavity.

DOI
10.1063/1.1429295

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We report an actively induced change in the transmission of a light pulse passing through a microcavity filled with a 40 μm thick nonlinear potassium titanyl phosphate crystal. This change was induced by an intense pulse at the frequency of the second harmonic of the original pulse. The magnitude of the change was measured to be 20%. The observed changes in transmission are shown to be in very good agreement with the numerical results from a model that considers the intrinsically fast second-order nonlinear interaction between both pulses within the nonlinear microcavity.
Summary form only given. The enhancement of the light and matter interaction that can be obtained in periodic structures such as 1D photonic crystals or Fabry-Perot microcavities might be best used when the interaction considered is nonlinear. It has been theoretically shown that changes in the effective index of refraction of a dielectric material leading to large changes in reflection or transmission, can be obtained in a periodic array of layers with a /spl chi//sup (3)/ nonlinearity, or in a microcavity filled with a quadratic nonlinear material. We have considered a 43 /spl mu/m thick KTiOPO/sub 4/ crystal sandwiched between two identical mirrors.
We demonstrate a nonlinear optical resonator that tunes itself onto resonance with an input beam. In a monolithic Fabry-Perot cavity implemented in rubidium-doped periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate, an intensity-dependent refractive index produces line pulling by multiple free-spectral ranges (FSRs). In this condition, the cavity passively maintains optical resonance in the face of FSR-scale excursions of the drive laser frequency: when one resonant operating point becomes unstable, the resonator rapidly transitions to another resonant operating point. We demonstrate stable second-harmonic generation with no active feedback to the laser or cavity. The self-tuning effect appears to be supported by a very strong, previously unreported optical nonlinearity.
Changing the color of light in a small mode volume is essential for applications that require on-chip operation. Microcavities are profound structures given their property to confine light in a small mode volume. Here, I numerically investigate the frequency conversion of light in a microcavity and show that the frequency converted light intensity is distinguished from an open medium such as an optical fiber or a nonlinear crystal. I observe that the frequency converted light intensity increases with increased rate of change of the refractive index of the microcavity. Notably, this study shows that the intensity of the frequency converted light is maximized when the duration of the index perturbation is matched to the cavity storage time. The results provide a set of optimum parameters for increasing frequency conversion efficiency inside a microcavity.
We report on the observation of high efficiency frequency doubling of 1550 nm continuous-wave laser light in a nonlinear cavity containing a periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate crystal (PPKTP). The fundamental field had a power of 1.10 W and was converted into 1.05 W at 775 nm, yielding a total external conversion efficiency of (95 \\pm 1)%. The latter value is based on the measured depletion of the fundamental field being consistent with the absolute values derived from numerical simulations. According to our model, the conversion efficiency achieved was limited by the non-perfect mode-matching into the nonlinear cavity and the pump power available. Our result shows that cavity-assisted frequency conversion based on PPKTP is well suited for low-decoherence frequency conversion of quantum states of light.