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arXiv:1707.09085 · Optics Letters

Self-tuning optical resonator

Joanna A. Zielińska, Morgan W. Mitchell

Published Dec 14, 2017• 27 citations
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Abstract

We demonstrate a nonlinear optical resonator that tunes itself onto resonance with an input beam. In a monolithic Fabry-Perot cavity implemented in rubidium-doped periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate, an intensity-dependent refractive index produces line pulling by multiple free-spectral ranges (FSRs). In this condition, the cavity passively maintains optical resonance in the face of FSR-scale excursions of the drive laser frequency: when one resonant operating point becomes unstable, the resonator rapidly transitions to another resonant operating point. We demonstrate stable second-harmonic generation with no active feedback to the laser or cavity. The self-tuning effect appears to be supported by a very strong, previously unreported optical nonlinearity.

DOI
10.1364/ol.42.005298

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We demonstrate a nonlinear optical resonator that tunes itself onto resonance with an input beam. In a monolithic Fabry-Perot cavity implemented in rubidium-doped periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate, an intensity-dependent refractive index produces line pulling by multiple free-spectral ranges (FSRs). In this condition, the cavity passively maintains optical resonance in the face of FSR-scale excursions of the drive laser frequency: when one resonant operating point becomes unstable, the resonator rapidly transitions to another resonant operating point. We demonstrate stable second-harmonic generation with no active feedback to the laser or cavity. The self-tuning effect appears to be supported by a very strong, previously unreported optical nonlinearity.
We describe a previously unreported optical nonlinearity and demonstrate its application in self-stabilization of an cavity-resonated optical frequency converter. The new effect appears as an optical Kerr nonlinearity whose strength reflects the intra-cavity pump power over long time-scales, even though the Kerr effect it produces is fast. We find good agreement between a simple model of the new nonlinearity and observed nonlinear behavior. We show that this effect induces self-stabilization of the frequency converter, which remains in resonance despite pump frequency changes of multiple free spectral ranges.
Dispersive optical bistability and instabilities leading to period doubling, higher harmonics, and chaos in an all-optical passive quantum system are discussed theoretically and experimentally. These phenomena have been observed for a wide range of operating conditions in ring and Fabry-Perot resonators containing ammonia molecular gas as the nonlinear medium. Laser input intensity, gas pressure, and cavity tuning are the main control parameters in observation of these effects. The experimental results are well modeled by our generalization of standard two-level system theory to include standing-wave, reservoir, and transverse effects.
We propose and report the first experimental demonstration of a new type of active optical bistable device composed of an optical cavity and a lasing medium with a pumping source of either optical or nonopticai means. The basic principle underlying the operation of the optical bistable laser (OBL) is based on the stable-unstable cavity configuration transition of an active optical resonator. Generally speaking, a laser system showing both pump- and laser-induced tensing (focusing or defocusing) effects may display such a hysteresis loop in its input-output characteristics. Optical bistability (OB) based on self-focusing of light in a medium having a nonlinear refractive index has recently been shown experimentally.1
The pushing of the Fabry-Perot cavity modes by an intracavity medium of Rb vapor may be tuned with optical pumping. A second laser, propagating through the Rb vapor orthogonal to the intracavity beam, is used to modify the optical transmission of the Rb vapor. We demonstrate that the cavity scale factor may be switched from S>1S>1S>1, on one side of its pole along the gain axis, to the other side of the pole, where mode splitting occurs, simply by changing the pumping transition. Continuous tuning of the cavity scale factor and sensitivity may be realized by varying the intensity and/or frequency of the pump beam.
The pushing of the Fabry-Perot cavity modes by an intracavity medium of Rb vapor may be tuned with optical pumping. A second laser, propagating through the Rb vapor orthogonal to the intracavity beam, is used to modify the optical transmission of the Rb vapor. We demonstrate that the cavity scale factor may be switched from Sg1Sg1Sg1, on one side of its pole along the gain axis, to the other side of the pole, where mode splitting occurs, simply by changing the pumping transition. Continuous tuning of the cavity scale factor and sensitivity may be realized by varying the intensity and/or frequency of the pump beam.