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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Quantum Dialogue by Using Non-Symmetric Quantum Channel

You-Bang Zhan, Ling-Ling Zhang, Wang Yu-wu, Qun-Yong Zhang

Published Apr 1, 2010• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A protocol for quantum dialogue is proposed to exchange directly the communicator's secret messages by using a three-dimensional Bell state and a two-dimensional Bell state as quantum channel with quantum superdence coding, local collective unitary operations, and entanglement swapping. In this protocol, during the process of transmission of particles, the transmitted particles do not carry any secret messages and are transmitted only one time. The protocol has higher source capacity than protocols using symmetric two-dimensional states. The security is ensured by the unitary operations randomly performed on all checking groups before the particle sequence is transmitted and the application of entanglement swapping.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/53/4/13

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A protocol for quantum dialogue is proposed to exchange directly the communicator's secret messages by using a three-dimensional Bell state and a two-dimensional Bell state as quantum channel with quantum superdence coding, local collective unitary operations, and entanglement swapping. In this protocol, during the process of transmission of particles, the transmitted particles do not carry any secret messages and are transmitted only one time. The protocol has higher source capacity than protocols using symmetric two-dimensional states. The security is ensured by the unitary operations randomly performed on all checking groups before the particle sequence is transmitted and the application of entanglement swapping.
Drawing on the idea of the quantum secure direct communication(QSDC),a novel quantum dialogue scheme based on Bell states is presented in this paper.The proposed scheme can realize authorized parties' secure exchange of their respective secret messages simultaneously only through one communication.In this scheme,a random bit string and checking particles are used to ensure the security;the scheme is secure against eavesdropper's commonly used attacks,such as intercept/resend attack,Trojan horse attack and entanglement attack.A serious problem called leakage or correlation is found in some quantum dialogue protocols,namely,any eavesdropper can elicit some information about the secret from the classical communication of the legal users.Fortunately,our protocol can discard the drawback leakage.In addition,our protocol possesses high efficiency 66.7% and is feasible.Finally,the protocol is applied to the scheme based on two-qutrit entangled states with a secure communication.
In this study, a protocol for secure quantum dialogue using entanglement swapping was proposed. The protocol employs two independent communication channels, a classical channel and a quantum channel. In this scheme, the legitimate communicators Alice and Bob can pass the authentication by the classical trusted channel. Afterwards, a quantum channel sequence is provided for them, on which Alice and Bob can communicate with each other directly and privately by virtue of some encoding operations. The first advantage of our protocol is that different from the previews protocols, in the proposed protocol, the server of the quantum channel, Charlie, is not necessarily trusted. The other highlight of our protocol is that in the presented scheme, one party is able to first read the message received from the other party before sending another message back in reply.   Key words: Quantum secure direct communication, entanglement swapping, quantum dialogue.
We present a quantum secure direct communication protocol and a multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs and entanglement swapping. The present quantum secure direct communication protocol makes use of the ideal of block transmission. We also point out that the sender can encode his or her secret message without ensuring the security of the quantum channel firstly. In the multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol, the communication parties adopt checking mode or encoding mode with a certain probability. It is not necessary for the protocol to perform local unitary operation. In both the protocols, one party transmits only one photon for each Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair to another party and the security for the transmitting photons is ensured by selecting Z-basis or X-basis randomly to measure the sampling photons.