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Physical Review Letters

One-Step Synthesis of Multiatom Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger States

Shi-Biao Zheng

Published Nov 16, 2001• 241 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A scheme is proposed for generating maximally entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) atomic states for testing quantum nonlocality. In the scheme, three atoms are simultaneously sent through a nonresonant cavity in a vacuum state. They are initially in the same state, and thus there is no energy exchange in the process. The cavity-assisted collision results in a phase-shift which depends upon the collective atomic excitations. In principle, the scheme can be generalized to generate N-atom GHZ states. The scheme is insensitive to cavity decay and requires only one cavity, providing new prospects for testing fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics and for quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.87.230404

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A scheme is proposed for generating maximally entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) atomic states for testing quantum nonlocality. In the scheme, three atoms are simultaneously sent through a nonresonant cavity in a vacuum state. They are initially in the same state, and thus there is no energy exchange in the process. The cavity-assisted collision results in a phase-shift which depends upon the collective atomic excitations. In principle, the scheme can be generalized to generate N-atom GHZ states. The scheme is insensitive to cavity decay and requires only one cavity, providing new prospects for testing fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics and for quantum information processing.
We propose two schemes to one-step generate the three-particle Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state based on the resonant atom–cavity fields interaction. The whole process may be realized experimentally providing that simple apparatus, initial conditions, and some manipulation in principle are achieved. Finally, in the current or the near future experiment parameter, we show that the proposed schemes can maintain the state with high fidelity under the condition of atomic spontaneous emission and decay of cavity fields.
We present a scheme to entangle fields in multiple cavities. Our scheme is based on the resonant interaction of a Ξ-type three-level atom with the cavity fields for precalculated interaction time, which enables us to generate a quantum entangled Greenberger–Horn–Zeilinger (GHZ) state of fields in multiple cavities. In principle, the scheme can be also generalized to generate N -party GHZ state. The required experimental techniques are within the scope of what can be obtained in the microwave cavity QED set up.
A scheme is proposed for generating Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled states of multiple superconducting quantum-interference device (SQUID) qubits by the use of a microwave cavity. The scheme operates essentially by creating a single photon through an auxiliary SQUID built in the cavity and performing a joint multiqubit phase shift with assistance of the cavity photon. It is shown that entanglement can be generated using this method, deterministic and independent of the number of SQUID qubits. In addition, we show that the present method can be applied to preparing many atoms in a GHZ entangled state, with tolerance to energy relaxation during the operation.