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Chinese Physics Letters

Effects of the Centre-of-Mass Motion on the Population Trapping of Ultracold Atoms

Jin Xiong, Zhi‐Ming Zhang

Published Nov 1, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the effects of the atomic centre-of-mass motion on atomic population trapping in a two-mode micromaser injected with ultracold Λ-type three-level atoms. We find that in the mazer regime (the case in which the atomic kinetic energy is much smaller than the atom-field interaction energy), the interplay between reflection and transmission of the ultracold atom leads to the destruction of the atomic population trapping.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/20/11/013

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We investigate the effects of the atomic centre-of-mass motion on atomic population trapping in a two-mode micromaser injected with ultracold Λ-type three-level atoms. We find that in the mazer regime (the case in which the atomic kinetic energy is much smaller than the atom-field interaction energy), the interplay between reflection and transmission of the ultracold atom leads to the destruction of the atomic population trapping.
We study the spectrum of the micromaser injected with ultracold cascade three-level atoms. We examine the effects of the atomic centre-of-mass motion, the cavity length, the atom-field detuning, the ratio of the atomic injection rate to the cavity decay rate, and the number of photons in thermal equilibrium on the spectrum. We find that the micromaser injected with ultracold three-level atoms shows new spectral properties which are different from those of the micromaser injected with ultracold two-level atoms and the micromaser injected with thermal two- or three-level atoms. The main conclusions are that the linewidth can be broadened and the frequency can be either red-shifted or blue-shifted.
The interaction between an ultracold cascade three-level atom and a two-mode cavity field has been studied. The effects of the centre-of-mass motion, the cavity length, the coupling constants, the initial field states and the initial field intensity on the atomic dynamics have been examined. We have found that the population probabilities show dependence on the interaction time in the fast-atom region while they show dependence on the interaction length in the slow-atom region. The variations of the probabilities versus the cavity length show resonant peaks, and the peaks become sharper as the atom moves more slowly. The coupling constants, the initial field states and the initial field intensity also influence the atomic dynamics significantly. The two transitions are competitive for the atomic probability in the middle state, while they are cooperative for that in the lower state.
We derive the dressed states for the interaction of a cascade three-level atom with a quantum cavity field, suggest using ultra-cold cascade three-level atoms in micromasers, put forward the idea of the two-photon mazer, establish its general quantum theory and study its emission probability and photon statistics. We examine the effects of the atomic centre-of-mass momentum, the atom-field detuning, the photon number in thermal equilibrium, the ratio of the atomic injection rate to the cavity decay rate and the interaction length on the emission probability and the photon statistics.
The transmission probability of the two-mode mazer injected with V-type three-level atoms is studied and the effects of the atomic coherence on it are examined. It is shown that the atomic coherence can affect the transmission probability. In the plots of the atomic transmission probability versus the dimensionless centre-of-mass momentum, there are resonance peaks and non-resonance platforms. The heights of these resonance peaks and non-resonance platforms can be adjusted by the atomic coherence parameter and by the relative coupling strength of the two transition channels.