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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Rydberg atoms in parallel magnetic and electric fields. I. Experimental studies of the odd diamagnetic multiplet of lithium: n mixing and core effects

Patrice Cacciani, Sylvain Liberman, Eliane Luc-Koenig, Jacques Pinard, C Thomas

Published Nov 14, 1988• 49 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A quasihydrogenic complete diamagnetic manifold is investigated experimentally. The spectra are obtained in a uniform magnetic field by exciting in a one-step process, using polarised laser light, the lithium atoms of an atomic beam. The whole structure of the M=0 odd diamagnetic multiplet has been recorded for the first time. This experiment provides a confirmation for the existence of the two classes of states predicted for the diamagnetic Hamiltonian of atomic hydrogen in the weak-field limit. The fundamental features of diamagnetism still subsist for such high field strengths so that the diamagnetic interaction cannot be regarded as a perturbation with respect to the Coulomb problem. The intermanifold coupling and the influence of effects due to the ionic core in the lithium atom are evaluated quantitatively.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/21/21/008

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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Jul 14, 1993•12 citations
A quasihydrogenic complete diamagnetic manifold is investigated experimentally. The spectra are obtained in a uniform magnetic field by exciting in a one-step process, using polarised laser light, the lithium atoms of an atomic beam. The whole structure of the M=0 odd diamagnetic multiplet has been recorded for the first time. This experiment provides a confirmation for the existence of the two classes of states predicted for the diamagnetic Hamiltonian of atomic hydrogen in the weak-field limit. The fundamental features of diamagnetism still subsist for such high field strengths so that the diamagnetic interaction cannot be regarded as a perturbation with respect to the Coulomb problem. The intermanifold coupling and the influence of effects due to the ionic core in the lithium atom are evaluated quantitatively.
Rydberg states in lithium have been excited from the ground state by absorption of \ensuremath{\pi}-polarized photons in the presence of parallel electric F and magnetic B fields. The magnetic field strength (B=3.11 T) is high enough to reach the inter-n-mixing regime, and a small electric field strength (F\ensuremath{\simeq}25 V/cm) is sufficient for the lowest state of the n=30 manifold to penetrate into the high-energy part of the n=29 manifold. The first anticrossing is thoroughly studied. Away from the anticrossing the spectrum exhibits two lines, but at the anticrossing a third component appears in the structure in the same energy range. This provides an experimental confirmation for the existence of pairs of almost-degenerate states with opposite parities in the high-energy part of the diamagnetic manifold of lithium. The two components of this doublet behave differently at the anticrossing. The experimental data have been interpreted in a global treatment in which core effects and intermanifold couplings are simultaneously taken into account. The different behavior of low- and high-lying states of the multiplet with respect to these two interactions is analyzed in detail.
For pt. I see ibid., vol.21, no.21, p.3473-98 (1988). The semiclassical approach based on the secular perturbation method, primarily introduced by Solov'ev (1982) to study the pure diamagnetism of hydrogen in the weak-field limit, is extended to the case where the atom is subjected to electric and magnetic fields both parallel to the 0z direction. The structure of the manifold of states with principal quantum number n is governed by the existence of an approximate constant of motion and the states can be classified into three groups. The semiclassical Bohr-Sommerfeld quantisation rule allows the energy of the states to be calculated. The main properties of the spectra and their evolution when one of the fields increases are analysed. An original comparison between the structure of the pure diamagnetic n multiplet with azimuthal quantum number M not=0 and the structure of the n, M=0 multiplet with parallel fields is proposed.
The n=60, L z =0 angular momentum manifold in helium is studied in the presence of an electric field parallel to a fixed magnetic field (B=0.1539 T). Results obtained from a CW laser-atomic beam experiment are compared with diagonalization calculations and with a WKB approximation including core effects. Core-induced anticrossings have been analysed in detail. The supersymmetry, including quasi-crossings in hydrogen to occur at the same value of the electric field strength, does not apply for L z =0 manifolds in non-hydrogenic Rydberg atoms.