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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Anticrossing effects in odd Rydberg states of Li in the presence of a magnetic field

Patrice Cacciani, Eliane Luc-Koenig, Jacques Pinard, C Thomas, Sylvain Liberman

Published Aug 14, 1986• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Odd Rydberg states of lithium in a uniform magnetic field have been excited from the ground state by sigma polarised light. In the recorded energy range, as the field strength increases, several adjacent diamagnetic n manifolds overlap and narrow anticrossings are observed. In spite of the small value of the quantum defect involved ( delta p =0.053), the core effects are responsible for the major part of the recorded anticrossing widths.

DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/19/15/001

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Physical Review A•Oct 1, 1986•31 citations
Odd Rydberg states of lithium in a uniform magnetic field have been excited from the ground state by sigma polarised light. In the recorded energy range, as the field strength increases, several adjacent diamagnetic n manifolds overlap and narrow anticrossings are observed. In spite of the small value of the quantum defect involved ( delta p =0.053), the core effects are responsible for the major part of the recorded anticrossing widths.
Rydberg states in lithium have been excited from the ground state by absorption of \ensuremath{\pi}-polarized photons in the presence of parallel electric F and magnetic B fields. The magnetic field strength (B=3.11 T) is high enough to reach the inter-n-mixing regime, and a small electric field strength (F\ensuremath{\simeq}25 V/cm) is sufficient for the lowest state of the n=30 manifold to penetrate into the high-energy part of the n=29 manifold. The first anticrossing is thoroughly studied. Away from the anticrossing the spectrum exhibits two lines, but at the anticrossing a third component appears in the structure in the same energy range. This provides an experimental confirmation for the existence of pairs of almost-degenerate states with opposite parities in the high-energy part of the diamagnetic manifold of lithium. The two components of this doublet behave differently at the anticrossing. The experimental data have been interpreted in a global treatment in which core effects and intermanifold couplings are simultaneously taken into account. The different behavior of low- and high-lying states of the multiplet with respect to these two interactions is analyzed in detail.
A quasihydrogenic complete diamagnetic manifold is investigated experimentally. The spectra are obtained in a uniform magnetic field by exciting in a one-step process, using polarised laser light, the lithium atoms of an atomic beam. The whole structure of the M=0 odd diamagnetic multiplet has been recorded for the first time. This experiment provides a confirmation for the existence of the two classes of states predicted for the diamagnetic Hamiltonian of atomic hydrogen in the weak-field limit. The fundamental features of diamagnetism still subsist for such high field strengths so that the diamagnetic interaction cannot be regarded as a perturbation with respect to the Coulomb problem. The intermanifold coupling and the influence of effects due to the ionic core in the lithium atom are evaluated quantitatively.
We calculate the diamagnetic spectrum of lithium at highly excited states up to the positive energy range using the exact quantum defect theory approach. The concerned excitation is one-photon transition from the ground state 2s to the highly excited states n p with π and σ polarizations respectively. Lithium has a small quantum defect value 0.05 for the n p states, and its diamagnetic spectrum is very similar to that of hydrogen in the energy range approaching the ionization limit. However, a careful calculation shows that the spectrum has a significant discrepancy with that of hydrogen when the energy is lower than −70 cm −1 . The effect of the quantum defect is also discussed for the Stark spectrum. It is found that the σ transition to the n p states in an electric field has a similar behavior to that of hydrogen due to zero interaction with channel n s.
The n=60, L z =0 angular momentum manifold in helium is studied in the presence of an electric field parallel to a fixed magnetic field (B=0.1539 T). Results obtained from a CW laser-atomic beam experiment are compared with diagonalization calculations and with a WKB approximation including core effects. Core-induced anticrossings have been analysed in detail. The supersymmetry, including quasi-crossings in hydrogen to occur at the same value of the electric field strength, does not apply for L z =0 manifolds in non-hydrogenic Rydberg atoms.
The avoided crossings in an electric field of K s and p states with the nearly hydrogenic Stark manifold states have been investigated using 300-K blackbody radiation. Anticrossings between states of the same \ensuremath{\Vert}mj{m}_{j}mj​\ensuremath{\Vert} for which the \ensuremath{\Vert}ml{m}_{l}ml​\ensuremath{\Vert} values are the same or differ by one are encountered. The anticrossings between states of the same \ensuremath{\Vert}ml{m}_{l}ml​\ensuremath{\Vert} are quite wide as they are due to core penetration and polarization effects. The anticrossings for which \ensuremath{\Vert}ml{m}_{l}ml​\ensuremath{\Vert} differs by one are produced by the spin-orbit interaction and are accordingly quite small. We present results for the ns states for n in the range 18--29 and for the np states for n in the range 19--23.