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IEEE International Conference on Photonics

Secure communication with practical two way Quantum Key Distribution protocol and Weak+ Vacuum decoy state

Mohd Fared Abdul Khir, Iskandar Bahari

Published Oct 1, 2013• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

A practical implementation of a two way Quantum Key Distribution protocol namely the LM05 protocol with the Weak+Vacuum decoy state protocol having the double photon gain excluded from the final secure key rate calculation is reconsidered. The numerical analysis result has shown that the performance was better than the case when single and double photon gain was lumped.

DOI
10.1109/icp.2013.6687139

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A practical implementation of a two way Quantum Key Distribution protocol namely the LM05 protocol with the Weak+Vacuum decoy state protocol having the double photon gain excluded from the final secure key rate calculation is reconsidered. The numerical analysis result has shown that the performance was better than the case when single and double photon gain was lumped.
The quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two parties to share a secret key by typically making use of a one-way quantum channel. However, the two-way QKD has its own unique advantages, which means the two-way QKD has become a focus recently. To improve the practical performance of the two-way QKD, we present a security analysis of a two-way QKD protocol based on the decoy method with heralded single-photon sources (HSPSs). We make use of two approaches to calculate the yield and the quantum bit error rate of single-photon and two-photon pulses. Then we present the secret key generation rate based on the GLLP formula. The numerical simulation shows that the protocol with HSPSs has an advantage in the secure distance compared with weak coherent state sources. In addition, we present the final secret key generation rate of the LM05 protocol with finite resources by considering the statistical fluctuation of the yield and the error rate.
The security of quantum-key-distribution system is analyzed using the decoy state protocol with two weak decoy states and one signal state. The comparison is based on the key generation rate as a function of distance for two types of decoy states: the vacuum and a weak decoy state, asymptotically approaching the theoretical limit of the most general type of decoy protocol, one-decoy-state protocol. We studied the two-decoy-state protocol in connection with the intensity of signal state, and the gain of signal states, the overall quantum bit error rate, the gain of single-photon states and the error rate of single-photon states and arrived at the optimal condition which maximizes the key generation rate.
The erroneous signal detection characterizes the quality of alignment and stability of a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) system. Its effect against the improvement to the maximum secure distance achievable with weak+vacuum decoy state and a two way Quantum Key Distribution protocol, namely the LM05 protocol is investigated. The result from our numerical simulation suggested that the secure distance improvement for the two key rate formulas are stable only when erroneous signal detection is at below 5%. Interestingly, at beyond 5 %, the two secure key rate formulas exhibit opposite result with one tends to increase while the other tends to decrease.