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Communications in Theoretical Physics

The Analytic Solution of Schrödinger Equation with Potential Function Superposed by Six Terms with Positive-power and Inverse-power Potentials

HU Xian-quan, Guang Luo, Cui Li-Peng, LI Fang-yu, Niu Lian-Bin

Published Mar 1, 2009• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The analytic solution of the radial Schrodinger equation is studied by using the tight coupling condition of several positive-power and inverse-power potential functions in this article. Furthermore, the precisely analytic solutions and the conditions that decide the existence of analytic solution have been searched when the potential of the radial Schrodinger equation is V (r) = �1r 8 + �2r 3 + �3r 2 + �3r 1 + �2r 3 + �1r 4 . Generally speaking, there is only an approximate solution, but not analytic solution for Schrodinger equation with several potentials' superposition. However, the conditions that decide the existence of analytic solution have been found and the analytic solution and its energy level structure are obtained for the Schrodinger equation with the potential which is motioned above in this paper. According to the single-value, finite and continuous standard of wave function in a quantum system, the authors firstly solve the asymptotic solution through the radial coordinate r ! 1 and r ! 0; secondly, they make the asymptotic solutions combining with the series solutions nearby the neighborhood of irregular singularities; and then they compare the power series coefficients, deduce a series of analytic solutions ofthe stationary state wave function and corresponding energy level structure by tight coupling among the coefficients of potential functions for the radial Schrodinger equation; and lastly, they discuss the solutions and make conclusions.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/51/3/07

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The analytic solution of the radial Schrodinger equation is studied by using the tight coupling condition of several positive-power and inverse-power potential functions in this article. Furthermore, the precisely analytic solutions and the conditions that decide the existence of analytic solution have been searched when the potential of the radial Schrodinger equation is V (r) = �1r 8 + �2r 3 + �3r 2 + �3r 1 + �2r 3 + �1r 4 . Generally speaking, there is only an approximate solution, but not analytic solution for Schrodinger equation with several potentials' superposition. However, the conditions that decide the existence of analytic solution have been found and the analytic solution and its energy level structure are obtained for the Schrodinger equation with the potential which is motioned above in this paper. According to the single-value, finite and continuous standard of wave function in a quantum system, the authors firstly solve the asymptotic solution through the radial coordinate r ! 1 and r ! 0; secondly, they make the asymptotic solutions combining with the series solutions nearby the neighborhood of irregular singularities; and then they compare the power series coefficients, deduce a series of analytic solutions ofthe stationary state wave function and corresponding energy level structure by tight coupling among the coefficients of potential functions for the radial Schrodinger equation; and lastly, they discuss the solutions and make conclusions.
The method of solving the radial Schrdinger equation is studied by under the tight coupling condition of several positivepower and inversepower potential functions. The precise analytic solutions and the conditions that determine the existence of analytic solution are searched when the potential of the radial Schrdinger equation is V（r）=α1r8＋α2r3+α3r2+β3r-1＋β2r-3＋β1r-4. According to the single valued, bounded and continuous stipulations of wave function in a quantum system, firstly, the asymptotic solution is solved when the radial coordinate r→∞ and r→0; secondly, the asymptotic solutions are combined with the series solutions in the neighborhood of irregular singularities; and then the power series coefficients are compared. A series of analytic solutions of the stationary state wave function and the corresponding energy level structure are deduced by tight coupling between the coefficients of potential functions for the radial Schrdinger equation. And the solutions are discussed and the conclusions are made.
Finding an analytical solution to the Schrödinger equation with power function superposition potential is essential for the development of quantum theory. For example, the harmonic oscillator potential, Coulomb potential, and Klazer potential are all classed as power function superposition potentials. In this study, the general form of the power function superposition potential was used to decompose the second-order radial Schrödinger equation with this potential into the first-order Ricatti equation. Furthermore, two forms of the power function superposition potential are constructed with an exact analytical solution, and the exact bound-state energy level formula is obtained for these two potentials. Finally, the energy levels of some of the diatomic molecules were determined through calculation. And our results are actually consistent with those obtained by other methods.
By using a simple procedure the general solution of the time-independent radial Schrodinger Equation for spherical symmetric potentials was made without making any approximation. The wave functions are always periodic. It appears two diffucilties: one of them is the solution of the equation E= U(r), where E and U(r) are the total an effective potential energies, respectively, and the other is the calculation of the integral of the square root of U(r). If analytical calculations are not possible, one must apply numerical methods. To find the energy wave function of the ground state, there is no need for the calculation of this integral, it is sufficient to find the classical turning points, that is to solve the equation E=U(r).
We consider the radial Schrödinger equation with the pseudo-Gaussian potential. By making an ansatz to the solution of the eigenvalue equation for the associate Hamiltonian, we arrive at the general exact eigenfunction. The values of energy levels for the bound states are calculated along with their corresponding normalized wave-functions. The case of positive energy levels, known as meta-stable states, is also discussed and the magnitude of transmission coefficient through the potential barrier is evaluated.
The solution of the Schrodinger equation with the physical potential is important part in quantum mechanics. The anharmonic potential is one of the physical potential that is interesting to be explored. Many methods have been developed to solve the Schrodinger equation. The Ansatz wave function method is one of the many methods that used to solve the Schrodinger equation. The Ansatz wave function method was used to solve the radial part of Schrodinger Equation. In this study we present the solution of the radial part Schrodinger equation in D-dimensional system with potential V(r)=ar2+br+cr-1+dr-2+er-3+fr-4. The important part in Ansatz wave function method is to determine the wave function Ansatz corresponding to the shape of the anharmonic potential that used. The Ansatz wave function determined by using supersymmetric approximation. By substituting the wave function Ansatz into Schrodinger equation and using algebraic we obtain the radial eigenfunction and the energy, and then the eigenfunction visualized.