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Acta Physica Sinica

The analytic solution of the radial Schr?dinger equation for the superposed potentials

HU Xian-quan, Cui Li-Peng, Guang Luo, Yan Ma, 重庆师范大学物理学与信息技术学院,重庆 400047

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The method of solving the radial Schrdinger equation is studied by under the tight coupling condition of several positivepower and inversepower potential functions. The precise analytic solutions and the conditions that determine the existence of analytic solution are searched when the potential of the radial Schrdinger equation is V（r）=α1r8＋α2r3+α3r2+β3r-1＋β2r-3＋β1r-4. According to the single valued, bounded and continuous stipulations of wave function in a quantum system, firstly, the asymptotic solution is solved when the radial coordinate r→∞ and r→0; secondly, the asymptotic solutions are combined with the series solutions in the neighborhood of irregular singularities; and then the power series coefficients are compared. A series of analytic solutions of the stationary state wave function and the corresponding energy level structure are deduced by tight coupling between the coefficients of potential functions for the radial Schrdinger equation. And the solutions are discussed and the conclusions are made.

DOI
10.7498/aps.58.2168

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The method of solving the radial Schrdinger equation is studied by under the tight coupling condition of several positivepower and inversepower potential functions. The precise analytic solutions and the conditions that determine the existence of analytic solution are searched when the potential of the radial Schrdinger equation is V（r）=α1r8＋α2r3+α3r2+β3r-1＋β2r-3＋β1r-4. According to the single valued, bounded and continuous stipulations of wave function in a quantum system, firstly, the asymptotic solution is solved when the radial coordinate r→∞ and r→0; secondly, the asymptotic solutions are combined with the series solutions in the neighborhood of irregular singularities; and then the power series coefficients are compared. A series of analytic solutions of the stationary state wave function and the corresponding energy level structure are deduced by tight coupling between the coefficients of potential functions for the radial Schrdinger equation. And the solutions are discussed and the conclusions are made.
The analytic solution of the radial Schrodinger equation is studied by using the tight coupling condition of several positive-power and inverse-power potential functions in this article. Furthermore, the precisely analytic solutions and the conditions that decide the existence of analytic solution have been searched when the potential of the radial Schrodinger equation is V (r) = �1r 8 + �2r 3 + �3r 2 + �3r 1 + �2r 3 + �1r 4 . Generally speaking, there is only an approximate solution, but not analytic solution for Schrodinger equation with several potentials' superposition. However, the conditions that decide the existence of analytic solution have been found and the analytic solution and its energy level structure are obtained for the Schrodinger equation with the potential which is motioned above in this paper. According to the single-value, finite and continuous standard of wave function in a quantum system, the authors firstly solve the asymptotic solution through the radial coordinate r ! 1 and r ! 0; secondly, they make the asymptotic solutions combining with the series solutions nearby the neighborhood of irregular singularities; and then they compare the power series coefficients, deduce a series of analytic solutions ofthe stationary state wave function and corresponding energy level structure by tight coupling among the coefficients of potential functions for the radial Schrodinger equation; and lastly, they discuss the solutions and make conclusions.
Based on the previous works, the Schrdinger equation of the hydrogen-like atom is analytically solved further. Three sets of analytical solutions are obtained if the factor r~ -nis not neglected. The first solution is the same as the traditional radial wave function, the second diverges, and the last one is quite different from the traditional solution. On the consideration of the finite size of the nuclear, the third wave function does not diverge when r approaches to zero. Its radial wave function has the following characteristics: (1) the angular-momentum quantum number l must be greater than the principal quantum number n; (2) l must not be 0 or 1; (3) the electron-cloud distribution differs from the traditional one; (4) the electron is closer to the nuclear than that in traditional results. On the other hand, the validity of solutions needs to be verified experimentally.
Most of Schrdinger equations in quantum mechanics haven't analytic solutions except the problems of well with infinite depth,one-dimensional linear harmonic oscillator and Coulomb's potential as well as three-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator.These Schrdinger equations include the various equations in the non-spherical ring shaped oscillator potential that haven't analytic solutions. We can only solve these problems approximately in our research activities, but the solving process of these problems is often exceptional complex.The limitation handicaps us to lucubrate the idiographic problems.This paper adopts NU Method(A.F.Nikiforov-V.B.Uvarov Method) to solve the angular equation of the Schrdinger equation in the non-spherical ring shaped oscillator potential V(r,θ)=μω2r2/2+2α/(2μr2)+2βcosθ/(2μr2sin2θ).We decompose the Schrdinger equation in the non-spherical ring shaped oscillator potential step by step until we obtains the analytic solutions of the equation,thus we obtain the analytic solution of the angular eigenfunction,and simplify the process of solutions.Moreover,this paper adopts special functions in the radial equation at the same time to broaden our study in solving the Schrdinger equations.
The solution of the Schrodinger equation with the physical potential is important part in quantum mechanics. The anharmonic potential is one of the physical potential that is interesting to be explored. Many methods have been developed to solve the Schrodinger equation. The Ansatz wave function method is one of the many methods that used to solve the Schrodinger equation. The Ansatz wave function method was used to solve the radial part of Schrodinger Equation. In this study we present the solution of the radial part Schrodinger equation in D-dimensional system with potential V(r)=ar2+br+cr-1+dr-2+er-3+fr-4. The important part in Ansatz wave function method is to determine the wave function Ansatz corresponding to the shape of the anharmonic potential that used. The Ansatz wave function determined by using supersymmetric approximation. By substituting the wave function Ansatz into Schrodinger equation and using algebraic we obtain the radial eigenfunction and the energy, and then the eigenfunction visualized.