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Applied Physics Letters

Electromagnetically induced transparency with large delay-bandwidth product induced by magnetic resonance near field coupling to electric resonance

Haiming Li, Shaobin Liu, Siyuan Liu, Shen‐Yun Wang, Haifeng Zhang, Borui Bian, Kong Xiang

Published Mar 16, 2015• 62 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like spectral response with magnetic resonance near field coupling to electric resonance. Six split-ring resonators and a cut wire are chosen as the bright and dark resonator, respectively. An EIT-like transmission peak located between two dips can be observed with incident magnetic field excitation. A large delay bandwidth product (0.39) is obtained, which has potential application in quantum optics and communications. The experimental results are in good agreement with simulated results.

DOI
10.1063/1.4915313

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In this paper, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like spectral response with magnetic resonance near field coupling to electric resonance. Six split-ring resonators and a cut wire are chosen as the bright and dark resonator, respectively. An EIT-like transmission peak located between two dips can be observed with incident magnetic field excitation. A large delay bandwidth product (0.39) is obtained, which has potential application in quantum optics and communications. The experimental results are in good agreement with simulated results.
In this paper, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate classical analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with simultaneously exciting the electric and the magnetic resonance. The cut wire and the split-ring resonator (SRR) are chosen as the bright and the quasi-dark EIT resonators, respectively. Under incident electromagnetic wave illumination, an EIT-like sharp transmission window can be observed. The group index exceeds 140, which can be applied for slow electromagnetic wave velocity. Furthermore, the underlying physics can be interpreted by the concept of hybridization model. The simultaneous excitation of the electric and the magnetic resonance can make up for the shortcomings of the other existing designs. More importantly, it can enrich metamaterial analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency.
In this manuscript, we experimentally demonstrate magnetically coupled electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) analogy effect inside dielectric metamaterial. In contrast to previous studies employed different metallic topological microstructures to introduce dissipation loss change, barium strontium titanate, and calcium titanate (CaTiO3) are chosen as the bright and dark EIT resonators, respectively, due to their different intrinsic dielectric loss. Under incident magnetic field excitation, dielectric metamaterial exhibits an EIT-type transparency window around 8.9 GHz, which is accompanied by abrupt change of transmission phase. Numerical calculations show good agreement with experiment spectra and reveal remarkably increased group index, indicating potential application in slow light.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in metamaterials is studied experimentally in a waveguide system with tunable intrinsic loss. There is a window in the transmission spectrum with nearly unchanged maximum transmittance, which is the result of simultaneous suppression of reflection and absorption. Group delay measurements demonstrate the transmission-delay product is almost independent of the intrinsic loss while the bandwidth-delay product is affected. Dynamic evolution of EIT in metamaterials is also investigated and we observe parameter-controllable excitation transfer from the bright resonator to the dark resonator during the process of EIT buildup.
This study demonstrates a metamaterial with two coupled split-ring resonators (SRR) can exhibit an effect reminiscent of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), a coherent process normally observed in three-level atomic media. The coupling between two SRR induces a frequency splitting in the spectral response of the metamaterial, opening up a narrow transmission band in the centre of the absorption line. The obtained reduction in group velocity together with the low absorption is useful for a variety of slow-light applications, without the need for the extreme cooling or the large magnetic fields that are typically required for EIT in atomic systems.
We experimentally demonstrated a controllable electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like spectral response at microwave frequencies in a planar metamaterial consisting of two identical split-ring resonators (SRRs) with side-by-side symmetry. In our scheme, phase coupling between the two SRRs (serving as the bright mode), which were excited strongly by the incident wave, was employed, and it was found that the EIT-like spectral response could be controlled by simply adjusting the incident angle. Thus, our scheme may be used for electromagnetic-wave switching. A high group index for slow-light application and a high quality factor could be obtained by simply controlling the incident angle.
Tailoring electromagnetically induced transparency with two different coupling mechanisms has been numerically demonstrated. The results show that EIT based on simultaneous electric resonance and magnetic resonance has relatively larger coupling distance compared with that based on electric resonance near field coupling to magnetic resonance. The relatively large coupling distance is due to the relatively small susceptibility change. For EIT based on simultaneous electric resonance and magnetic resonance, not only incident electric field but also the incident magnetic field pays a role on the susceptibility of system. The influence of the incident magnetic field leads to relatively smaller susceptibility change compared with that based on electric resonance near field coupling to magnetic resonance.