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Applied Physics Letters

Electromagnetically induced transparency with large group index induced by simultaneously exciting the electric and the magnetic resonance

Haiming Li, Shaobin Liu, Siyuan Liu, Haifeng Zhang

Published Sep 29, 2014• 44 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate classical analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with simultaneously exciting the electric and the magnetic resonance. The cut wire and the split-ring resonator (SRR) are chosen as the bright and the quasi-dark EIT resonators, respectively. Under incident electromagnetic wave illumination, an EIT-like sharp transmission window can be observed. The group index exceeds 140, which can be applied for slow electromagnetic wave velocity. Furthermore, the underlying physics can be interpreted by the concept of hybridization model. The simultaneous excitation of the electric and the magnetic resonance can make up for the shortcomings of the other existing designs. More importantly, it can enrich metamaterial analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency.

DOI
10.1063/1.4897194

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In this paper, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate classical analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with simultaneously exciting the electric and the magnetic resonance. The cut wire and the split-ring resonator (SRR) are chosen as the bright and the quasi-dark EIT resonators, respectively. Under incident electromagnetic wave illumination, an EIT-like sharp transmission window can be observed. The group index exceeds 140, which can be applied for slow electromagnetic wave velocity. Furthermore, the underlying physics can be interpreted by the concept of hybridization model. The simultaneous excitation of the electric and the magnetic resonance can make up for the shortcomings of the other existing designs. More importantly, it can enrich metamaterial analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency.
In this manuscript, we demonstrate numerically classical analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with a windmill type metamaterial consisting of two dumbbell dielectric resonator. With proper external excitation, dielectric resonators serve as EIT bright and dark elements via electric and magnetic Mie resonances, respectively. Rigorous numerical analyses reveal that dielectric metamaterial exhibits sharp transparency peak characterized by large group index due to the destructive interference between EIT bright and dark resonators. Furthermore, such EIT transmission behavior keeps stable property with respect to polarization and incidence angles.
In this manuscript, we experimentally demonstrate magnetically coupled electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) analogy effect inside dielectric metamaterial. In contrast to previous studies employed different metallic topological microstructures to introduce dissipation loss change, barium strontium titanate, and calcium titanate (CaTiO3) are chosen as the bright and dark EIT resonators, respectively, due to their different intrinsic dielectric loss. Under incident magnetic field excitation, dielectric metamaterial exhibits an EIT-type transparency window around 8.9 GHz, which is accompanied by abrupt change of transmission phase. Numerical calculations show good agreement with experiment spectra and reveal remarkably increased group index, indicating potential application in slow light.
In this paper, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like spectral response with magnetic resonance near field coupling to electric resonance. Six split-ring resonators and a cut wire are chosen as the bright and dark resonator, respectively. An EIT-like transmission peak located between two dips can be observed with incident magnetic field excitation. A large delay bandwidth product (0.39) is obtained, which has potential application in quantum optics and communications. The experimental results are in good agreement with simulated results.
We report on our experimental work concerning a planar metamaterial exhibiting classical electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Using a structure with two mirrored split-ring resonators as the dark element and a cut wire as the radiative element, we demonstrate that an EIT-like resonance can be achieved without breaking the symmetry of the structure. The mirror symmetry of the metamaterial’s structural element results in a selection rule inhibiting magnetic dipole radiation for the dark element, and the increased quality factor leads to low absorption (<10%) and large group index (of the order of 30).
This study demonstrates a metamaterial with two coupled split-ring resonators (SRR) can exhibit an effect reminiscent of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), a coherent process normally observed in three-level atomic media. The coupling between two SRR induces a frequency splitting in the spectral response of the metamaterial, opening up a narrow transmission band in the centre of the absorption line. The obtained reduction in group velocity together with the low absorption is useful for a variety of slow-light applications, without the need for the extreme cooling or the large magnetic fields that are typically required for EIT in atomic systems.