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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Control of spontaneous emission from a laser-driven four-level atom in photonic crystals

Xiangqian Jiang, B Zhang, Xiudong Sun

Published Mar 11, 2008• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the steady-state behaviour of spontaneous emission of a driven four-level atom embedded in photonic crystals. Considering different initial conditions, we discuss the influence of photonic band gap and detuning of external driving field on the atomic spontaneous emission spectrum. The photonic band gap and external driving field will impact strongly on the atomic spontaneous emission properties. Some interesting phenomena were found such as laser-induced dark line, laser-induced spectral-line narrowing and laser-induced pushing of a dressed state out of the band gap, which can be attributed to the quantum interference effect and control of the external driving field.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/41/6/065508

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We study the steady-state behaviour of spontaneous emission of a driven four-level atom embedded in photonic crystals. Considering different initial conditions, we discuss the influence of photonic band gap and detuning of external driving field on the atomic spontaneous emission spectrum. The photonic band gap and external driving field will impact strongly on the atomic spontaneous emission properties. Some interesting phenomena were found such as laser-induced dark line, laser-induced spectral-line narrowing and laser-induced pushing of a dressed state out of the band gap, which can be attributed to the quantum interference effect and control of the external driving field.
We study the spontaneous emission of a four-level atom with two transitions coupled to a reservoir that has a photonic bandgap near the band edge. Moreover, the transition from the upper level to an auxiliary level is driven by a laser. Considering the different detuning of the external driving field, we discuss some effects, such as a laser-induced dark line, a laser-induced line splitting, and a laser-induced pushing of a dressed state out of the bandgap, which originate from the quantum interference effect and control of the external driving field.
We describe the spontaneous emission properties of an M-type five-level atom embedded in a photonic crystal (PC), which is coherently driven by two external laser fields. It leads to two types of quantum interference: reservoir-induced interference and laser-induced interference. Considering different detunings of atomic transition frequencies from band edges, we reveal some interesting phenomena such as spectral-line enhancement, spectral-line suppression, spectral-line narrowing, reservoir-induced cancellation of spontaneous emission and the appearance of dark lines, which originate from the quantum interference effects and the control of external laser fields. These investigations suggest possible applications in quantum optics, optical communications and in the fabrication of novel optoelectronic devices.
The impacts of an external driving field on the spontaneous emission from an excited two-level atom embedded in a double-band photonic crystal is investigated. In the upper level coupling, a dark line occurs, which stems from deductive quantum interference induced by the external driving field. The dark line appears with an additional peak when it is outside the band gap of the PBG reservoirs. The dark line cannot be seen when it falls into the band gap. In the case of lower level coupling, interference plays no role. The emission spectrum displays two incoherent modified Lorentzian lines that have two singularities in each side of the band gap in isotropic PBG reservoirs.
The coherent control of the spontaneous emission spectrum of a driven atom located within photonic crystals with two atomic position-dependent bands is investigated. The driving laser field splits the excited atomic level into a doublet that is further dressed by two bands bonded together with the atomic position in the crystal unit cell. The spontaneous emission spectrum of the atomic transition in free space is discussed. We find that frequency shift and the intensity of the spectrum can be perfectly manipulated by variation of the atomic position and detuning of the laser field. The result perhaps offers us an interesting route towards tunable photonic devices.
The spontaneous emission from a microwave-driven four-level atom embedded in an anisotropic photonic crystal is studied. Due to the modified density of state (DOS) in the anisotropic photonic band gap (PBG) and the coherent control induced by the coupling fields, spontaneous emission can be significantly enhanced when the position of the spontaneous emission peak gets close to the band gap edge. As a result of the closed-loop interaction between the fields and the atom, the spontaneous emission depends on the dynamically induced Autler–Townes splitting and its position relative to the PBG. Interesting phenomena, such as spectral-line suppression, enhancement and narrowing, and fluorescence quenching, appear in the spontaneous emission spectra, which are modulated by amplitudes and phases of the coherently driven fields and the effect of PBG. This theoretical study can provide us with more efficient methods to manipulate the atomic spontaneous emission.