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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Guiding of Rb atoms by capillary optical fibres

Agata Iwaniuk, Jan Dorosz

Published Oct 21, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Atom guidance in capillary hollow fibres is discussed in detail. The main properties and the differences between the guidance with the blue and red detuning are described. Since the blue guiding has several advantages over the red guiding we focus on this type of guidance. Rubidium atoms are ideal for investigating atom transport by reason of their quantum properties. The influence of capillary features (radius of the hole, radius of the core, refractive index of the core) on transmission parameters is investigated and described in detail.

DOI
10.1117/12.784694

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Atom guidance in capillary hollow fibres is discussed in detail. The main properties and the differences between the guidance with the blue and red detuning are described. Since the blue guiding has several advantages over the red guiding we focus on this type of guidance. Rubidium atoms are ideal for investigating atom transport by reason of their quantum properties. The influence of capillary features (radius of the hole, radius of the core, refractive index of the core) on transmission parameters is investigated and described in detail.
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We have used optical forces to guide atoms through hollow-core optical fibers. Laser light is launched into the hollow region of a glass capillary fiber and guided by grazing-incidence reflection from the walls. When the laser is detuned 1--30 GHz red of the Rb D2 resonance lines, dipole forces attract atoms to the high-intensity region along the axis and guide them through the fiber. We show that atoms may be guided around bends in the fiber and that in initial experiments the atoms experience up to 18 reflections from the potential walls with minimal loss.
We use evanescent laser light to guide atoms through hollow-core optical fibers. The light, detuned to the blue side of rubidium's D2{D}_{2}D2​ resonance lines, is launched into the glass region of a hollow capillary fiber and guided through the fiber by total internal reflection from the glass walls. Atoms interacting with the evanescent component of the field are repelled from the wall and guided through the fiber hollow. A second laser tuned to the red side of resonance is used to initially inject the atoms into the evanescent guide. An optical intensity threshold for guiding is observed as the evanescent-field-induced dipole forces exceed the van der Waals forces.
Atoms can be transported through hollow optical fibres using laser light blue-detuned from the atomic resonance, which propagates through the fibre to create a repulsive evanescent light field at the inner fibre wall. We report here the first transmission of metastable helium (2 3 S 1 ) atoms through such hollow optical fibres. Using fused silica capillaries with several different geometries, laser radiation that is blue-detuned from the 2 3 S 1 2 3 P 2 transition was focused into the body of the capillary via total internal reflection from a 45° bevel polished at one end. Laser fields were used with both co- and counter-propagating configurations to the atomic beam.
A relatively new method of atomic DeBroglie wave transmission in a hollow single mode optical fiber is presented. A slightly blue-detuned, from the atomic resonance, optical evanescent wave in the ring core of the capillary optical fiber creates a potential barrier for co-propagating or counter-propagating DeBroglie wave. The applied optical wavelength, associated with the used atomic transitions, was in the range 1100-400nm. Excited, metastable atoms of chromium, rubidium, cesium, helium, alkalis, etc., were transmitted in the capillary optical fiber. Initially the transmission was multimode and then single mode, with increasing efficiency. There are considered initial application perspectives of this transmission technology of DeBroglie wave for building of coherent cold sources of atoms, atom interferometers, and devices of the inverse lithography, which may possibly compete with the short-wave photo-lithography. The paper is a tutorial and has a teaching and technology review character.