We study population transfer in a two-level system interacting with a strong off-resonant electromagnetic field. We show that the effects of tunneling in an electric field enhances the probability of excitation. We discuss the possible applications of results obtained to the generation of XUV radiation.
It was shown some time ago that when the excitation of an ensemble of two-level atoms is swept in the direction of lasing, so that atoms are prepared in the excited state just as the radiation from previously excited atoms reaches them, the resulting laser amplifier is “highly anomalous” and yields superradiant emission without population inversion. We here show that transient gain in a three-level system has common features with Dicke superradiance and can yield strong extreme ultraviolet lasing in, for example, He atoms (at 58 nm) or He-like ions such asB3+(at 6.1 nm).
Abstract The interaction of three and two-level atomic systems with two electromagnetic fields, a weak near resonant high-frequency and a strong off-resonant low-frequency ones, is analyzed by applying the method of multiple-scale perturbation theory. We consider two examples: (1) a three-level Λ system interacting with a weak XUV field at the high-energy transition and a strong IR field at the adjacent low-energy transition. The IR field will periodically Stark modulate the energy of the most excited state, which will result in generation of sidebands of the XUV field at the frequencies multiple of the IR field modulation frequency; (2) a two-level atom interacting with a weak near-resonant high-frequency and an off-resonant low-frequency field, which is related to the quantum amplification by superradiant emission of radiation problem.
We investigate a new method to produce attosecond pulses from a resonant XUV radiation in an atomic gas which is simultaneously irradiated by an IR laser field. Around the crests of an IR field all the excited atomic energy levels are strongly broadened due to rapid tunnel ionization from the corresponding excited states and atoms are not able to resonantly absorb the incident vacuum ultraviolet radiation. Vice versa, around zeroes of an IR field, ionization is slow and atoms effectively absorb the vacuum ultraviolet radiation. As a result, an interaction between atoms and XUV field is switched on and off resulting in formation of attosecond pulses.