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physica status solidi (b)

Some Exact Results on the Ising Antiferromagnet with General Spin S on the Triangular Lattice

D. Hajdukovć, B. U. Vujičić

Published Oct 1, 1987• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A triangular lattice is considered which consists of five chains, i.e. a lattice with N = 5 × L sites. In the thermodynamic limit (L → ∞) and in the critical magnetic field, the exact ground‐state entropy for such a lattice is obtained as an explicit function of spin S. It is shown that this exact result for the lattice finite in one and infinite in the other dimension is an excellent approximation for the triangular lattice infinite in both dimensions.

DOI
10.1002/pssb.2221430232

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Abstract A triangular lattice is considered which consists of five chains, i.e. a lattice with N = 5 × L sites. In the thermodynamic limit (L → ∞) and in the critical magnetic field, the exact ground‐state entropy for such a lattice is obtained as an explicit function of spin S. It is shown that this exact result for the lattice finite in one and infinite in the other dimension is an excellent approximation for the triangular lattice infinite in both dimensions.
Exact analytical and numerical results for the site-diluted antiferromagnetic Ising model on the triangular lattice (AFIT) are presented. For infinitesimal dilution the change in the free energy of the system is related to the distribution of local fields, and it is shown that for a frustrated system such as the AFIT, dilution lowers the entropy per spin. For lattices of finite size and dilution the transfer matrix for the partition function is evaluated numerically. The entropy per spin shows a marked minimum near a concentration of spins x=0.70, in some disagreement with earlier transfer-matrix results.
The properties of the antiferromagnetic Ising model in the critical magnetic field are investigated by evaluating exactly its all possible ground states on L × L square lattice (L = 4∼16) with free boundary conditions for the first time. From the exact integer values for the number of ground states Ωc(L) on L × L square lattice, the exact ground-state entropy (in unit of the Boltzmann constant kB) per volume sc(L) = L−2lnΩc(L) and the exact ground-state magnetization mc(L;T = 0) = L−2〈Σiσi〉 are calculated in the critical magnetic field, where σi is the magnetic spin on a lattice site i. The values of the ground-state entropy sc(L) and the ground-state magnetization mc(L), in the limit L → ∞, are accurately estimated to be sc/kB = 0.40750±0.00108 and mc = 0.54696±0.00065. In addition, for the first time, we estimate the values of the scaling exponents ωs and ωm, controlling the finite-size scaling behaviors of the ground-state entropy and the ground-state magnetization as sc−sc(L)∼L−ωs and mc−mc(L)∼L−ωm respectively. Our results show clearly that ωs = ωm = 1.
Abstract We present a treatment of the triangular lattice antiferromagnetic Ising model (TAFIM) based on a small number of elementary ideas common to statistical and solid-state physics. The TAFIM is represented as a reduced BCS model in one space, one (imaginary) time dimension. The representation is approximate for nonzero temperature, but allows quick derivation of asymptotically exact thermodynamic functions, and the divergence of the spin–spin correlation length. The fermionic representation is exact at zero temperature. We demonstrate the existence of a two-dimensional continuum of zero-temperature equilibrium macrostates characterized by satisfied bond fractions of the three different orientations, and calculate their entropy densities.
The ground state entropy density of the antiferromagnetic Ising model on a triangular lattice is considered in the infinite volume limit as a function of boundary conditions on a finite triangular domain. The ground states of this domain do not map to a dimer covering and so cannot be classified into string sectors. A parametrized boundary condition is identified that allows the entropy density to be tuned to values between nondegeneracy and maximal degeneracy. The results are compared to those for a rectangular periodic domain for which the ground states can be classified into string sectors.
The exact integer values for the density of states of the Ising model on an equilateral triangular lattice with free boundary conditions are evaluated up to L = 24 spins on a side for the first time by using the microcanonical transfer matrix. The total number of states is 2 N s = 2300 ≈ 2.037 × 1090 for L = 24, where N s = L(L+1)/2 is the number of spins. Classifying all 2300 spin states according to their energy values is an enormous work. From the density of states, the exact partition function zeros in the complex temperature plane of the triangular-lattice Ising model are evaluated. Using the density of states and the partition function zeros, we investigate the properties of the triangularlattice Ising antiferromagnet. The scaling behavior of the ground-state entropy and the form of the correlation length at T = 0 are studied for the triangular-lattice Ising antiferromagnet with free boundary conditions. Also, the scaling behavior of the Fisher edge singularity is investigated.